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✶草莓其實不是莓 The Curious Case of Strawberries

The Curious Case of Strawberries
#植物 #健康 #飲食 #娛樂·新奇
8/1 解析英語

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草莓其實不是莓 The Curious Case of Strawberries
草莓是示意冬天開始的水果之一。雖然其名字中有「莓」這個字,但從這個字最嚴格的意義來說,草莓其實不是莓。
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  Strawberries are one of the fruits that signal the start of winter. Although “berry” is included in the name, a strawberry isn’t actually a berry in the __1__ sense of the word. True berries, such as blueberries and cranberries, have seeds inside the fleshy part of the fruits. If you look at a strawberry, you’ll see what seem to be seeds on the outside of the fruit. This __2__ makes strawberries fall into a category known as an aggregate fruit.

  It’s easy to see where the __3__ comes from. In everyday language, almost any small, juicy, edible fruit is called a berry by most people. This is why strawberries, along with other fruits like raspberries and blackberries, are commonly __4__ into the berry family, even though they don’t fit the main feature of a berry—having internal seeds.

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  Technically speaking, a berry is any fruit that has seeds and pulp produced from the ovary of a single flower. It’s also fleshy throughout, with the seeds __5__ within the flesh of the fruit. Believe it or not, by this definition, bananas and tomatoes __6__ as berries. Strawberries, however, develop from a flower with multiple ovaries. What we think of as the “fruit” is actually the enlarged receptacle of the flower. In fact, the tiny “seeds” __7__ on the outside are not seeds at all. They are the actual fruits of the plant, which are known as achenes.

  Strawberries __8__ to a family of fruits called Rosaceae, which includes roses and other fruits like apples and pears. When it comes to __9__, strawberries are low in calories but rich in many essential vitamins and minerals. This makes them both a delicious and __10__ choice for an everyday diet. So, does it matter that a strawberry is not technically a berry? Of course not, unless you’re a scientist. The rest of us can just enjoy these juicy, delicious gifts of nature.

 

(A) enclosed       (B) healthy   (C) classified      (D) qualify       (E) strictest

(F) belong    (G) confusion     (H) visible    (I) characteristic       (J) nutrition

 


 

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  Strawberries are one of the fruits that signal the start of winter. Although “berry” is included in the name, a strawberry isn’t actually a berry in the strictest sense of the word. True berries, such as blueberries and cranberries, have seeds inside the fleshy part of the fruits. If you look at a strawberry, you’ll see what seem to be seeds on the outside of the fruit. This characteristic makes strawberries fall into a category known as an aggregate fruit.

  It’s easy to see where the confusion comes from. In everyday language, almost any small, juicy, edible fruit is called a berry by most people. This is why strawberries, along with other fruits like raspberries and blackberries, are commonly classified into the berry family, even though they don’t fit the main feature of a berry—having internal seeds.

 

  Technically speaking, a berry is any fruit that has seeds and pulp produced from the ovary of a single flower. It’s also fleshy throughout, with the seeds enclosed within the flesh of the fruit. Believe it or not, by this definition, bananas and tomatoes qualify as berries. Strawberries, however, develop from a flower with multiple ovaries. What we think of as the “fruit” is actually the enlarged receptacle of the flower. In fact, the tiny “seeds” visible on the outside are not seeds at all. They are the actual fruits of the plant, which are known as achenes.

  Strawberries belong to a family of fruits called Rosaceae, which includes roses and other fruits like apples and pears. When it comes to nutrition, strawberries are low in calories but rich in many essential vitamins and minerals. This makes them both a delicious and healthy choice for an everyday diet. So, does it matter that a strawberry is not technically a berry? Of course not, unless you’re a scientist. The rest of us can just enjoy these juicy, delicious gifts of nature.

單字片語整理

Words in Use
technically
[ˋtɛknɪk!ɪ]
adv. 嚴格說來
believe
[bɪˋliv]
vt. & vi. 相信
vt. 認為
category
[ˋkætə͵gorɪ]
n. 種類;範疇
curious
[ˋkjʊrɪəs]
adj. 好奇的;古怪的,不尋常的
signal
[ˋsɪgn!]
vt. 發出信號
n. 號誌;信號
berry
[ˋbɛrɪ]
n. 莓,果子
fleshy
[ˋflɛʃɪ]
a. (水果)肉質多的
flesh
[flɛʃ]
n. (人或動物的)肉
edible
[ˋɛdəb!]
a. . 可食用的
definition
[͵dɛfəˋnɪʃən]
n. 定義;(錄音、電視等的)清晰度
multiple
[ˋmʌltəp!]
a. 多重的,眾多的
enlarged
[ɪnˋlɑrdʒd]
a. 加大的,放大的
essential
[ɪˋsɛnʃəl]
a. 必要的,不可或缺的
n. 要素,要點(常用複數)
Extra Words
calorie
[ˋkælərɪ]
n. 卡路里
vitamin
[ˋvaɪtəmɪn]
n. 維他命
Practical Phrases
fall into
 歸入/分為⋯⋯

Our customers fall into three main categories.
我們的顧客主要分為三種類型。

technically speaking
 按理來說,嚴格來說

Technically speaking, the applicant is not qualified for the job.
嚴格說來,該應徵者不符合這項職位的資格。

Believe it or not, ...
 信不信由你,⋯⋯

Believe it or not, this machine can make 100 copies in a minute.
信不信由你,這臺機器一分鐘可以影印一百張。

think of A as B
 將 A 視為 B
= regard A as B
= see A as B
= view A as B

We think of Larry as the most intelligent student in class.
我們認為賴瑞班上最聰明的學生。

think of sb/sth
 認為某人 / 物;考慮做某事、想到⋯⋯
= consider
= think about / of...

What do you think of our new teacher?
覺得我們的新老師怎麼樣

Rick has been thinking of studying abroad next year.
= Rick has been thinking about studying abroad next year.
瑞克一直在考慮明年去留學。

We should think of a new way to raise money.
我們應該要想出一個新方法來籌錢。

1.    Although “berry” is included in the name, a strawberry isn’t actually a berry in the strictest sense of the word.

 理由

a.    空格前有定冠詞 the,而空格後有名詞 sense(意義),故知空格應置入形容詞以修飾 sense。

b.    選項中除了 (D) qualify、(F) belong、(G) confusion 及 (J) nutrition 外皆符合條件,本句以帶有對比意味的轉折詞 Although(雖然)開始,前半提到雖然草莓的名字中有莓字,而下一句提到真正的莓會有什麼特色,可知本句應該是說,從這個字「最嚴格的」意義來說,草莓其實不是莓,可知答案應選 (E) strictest。

2.    This characteristic makes strawberries fall into a category known as an aggregate fruit.

 理由

a.    空格前有指示形容詞 This,而空格後有動詞 makes,故知空格應置入單數名詞或不可數名詞以作本句主詞。

b.    選項中有 (G) confusion、(I) characteristic 及 (J) nutrition 符合條件,空格前一句提到似乎是種籽的東西是在草莓的外部,這是草莓的一項「特點」,可知答案應選 (I)。

3.    It’s easy to see where the confusion comes from.

 理由

a.    空格前有定冠詞 the,而空格後有動詞 comes,故知空格應置入單數名詞或不可數名詞以作本句主詞。

b.    選項中尚有 (G) confusion 及 (J) nutrition 符合條件,前一段提到草莓的名字中雖然有莓字,但它其實不是莓,可知草莓的名字讓人「混淆」,故答案應選 (G)。

4. This is why strawberries, along with other fruits like raspberries and blackberries, are commonly classified into the berry family, ....

 理由

a.    空格前有 be 動詞 are 以及副詞 commonly(通常),而空格後有介詞 into,故知空格應置入名詞、分詞或形容詞。

b. 剩餘選項中除 (D) qualify 及 (F) belong 外皆符合條件,本句後半提到即便草莓、覆盆莓和黑莓等不符合莓果主要的特色,可知本句應是說儘管如此,這些水果仍常常被「分類」到莓科裡,故答案應選 (C) classified,且置入後亦符合 “classify A into B” 的被動用法。

5.    It’s also fleshy throughout, with the seeds enclosed within the flesh of the fruit.

 理由

a.    空格位於 with 引導的情狀介詞片語中,空格前有名詞詞組 the seeds(種籽),而空格後有介詞 within,故知空格應置入分詞或形容詞。

b.    選項中尚有 (A) enclosed、(B) healthy 及 (H) visible 符合條件,第一段提到,莓果在果肉的部分裡有種籽,換句話說,種籽是「含」在果肉裡的,故選 (A)。

6.    Believe it or not, by this definition, bananas and tomatoes qualify as berries.

 理由

a.    空格前有作主詞的名詞詞組 bananas and tomatoes(香蕉和番茄),而空格後有介詞 as,且本句旨在描述事實,故知空格應置入現在式複數不及物動詞。

b.    選項中有 (D) qualify 及 (F) belong 符合條件,根據語意,前一句提到的定義讓香蕉和番茄「有資格」被稱為莓果,可知答案應選 (D),且置入後亦符合 “qualify as + 身分” 的用法。

7.    In fact, the tiny “seeds” visible on the outside are not seeds at all.

 理由

a.    空格位於化簡的形容詞子句中,其前省略了 which are,而空格後有介詞 on,故知空格應置入分詞或形容詞,以修飾先行詞 the tiny “seeds”。

b.    選項中尚有 (B) healthy 及 (H) visible 符合條件,根據語意,實際上,草莓外部「可見的」小小種籽根本不是種籽,故答案應選 (H)。

8.    Strawberries belong to a family of fruits called Rosaceae, which includes roses and other fruits like apples and pears.

 理由

a.  空格前有名詞 Strawberries(草莓),而空格後有介詞 to,且本句旨在描述事實,故知空格應置入現在式複數不及物動詞。

b.    選項中僅剩 (F) belong 符合條件,置入後表草莓「屬於」水果類的薔薇科,故選之,且置入後亦符合 “belong to...” 的用法。

9.    When it comes to nutrition, strawberries are low in calories but rich in many essential vitamins and minerals.

 理由

a.    空格前有介詞 to,故知空格應置入名詞。

b.    選項中僅剩 (J) nutrition 符合條件,置入後表提到「營養價值」的部分,草莓熱量很低,但富含許多必需的維生素和礦物質,故選之。

10.  This makes them both a delicious and healthy choice for an everyday diet.

 理由

a.    空格前有不定冠詞 a、形容詞 delicious(美味的)及對等連接詞 and,而空格後有名詞 choice(選擇),故知空格應置入另一形容詞以和 delicious 形成對等並一同修飾 choice。

b.    選項中僅剩 (B) healthy 符合條件,前一句提到草莓富含必需的維生素和礦物質,可知這使其成為日常飲食中美味和「健康」兼具的選擇,故選之。

 

  草莓是示意冬天開始的水果之一。雖然其名字中有「莓」這個字,但從這個字最嚴格的意義來說,草莓其實不是莓。真正的莓果(像是藍莓和蔓越莓)在果肉的部分裡有種籽。如果你查看一顆草莓,你會看到似乎是種籽的東西是在該水果的外部。這項特點讓草莓落入名為聚合果的分類中。

  這個令人混淆的狀況從何而來是顯而易見的。在我們日常的語言中,幾乎任何小小、多汁且可食用的水果都被多數人稱為莓果。這就是為何草莓和其他像是覆盆莓、黑莓等水果常常被分類到莓科裡,即便它們不符合莓果主要的特色 ── 有著在內部的種籽。

  按理來說,莓果是指任何從單一花朵的子房產出之具有種籽和果肉的水果。這種水果也是從內到外都是果肉,種籽則是含在果肉裡。信不信由你,根據這個定義,香蕉和番茄可以被稱為莓果。然而,草莓是從一朵花的數個子房中發展而成的。我們所認為的「果實」其實是變大的花托。實際上,外部可見的小小「種籽」根本不是種籽。它們是這種植物真正的果實 ── 稱為瘦果。

  草莓屬於水果類的薔薇科,其包含玫瑰和其他像是蘋果和梨子的水果。提到營養價值的部分,草莓熱量很低,但富含許多必需的維生素和礦物質。這使其成為日常飲食中美味和健康兼具的選擇。那麼,草莓按理來說並不是莓這件事重要嗎?當然不重要,除非你是科學家。我們其他人可以單純地享用這些大自然多汁且美味的饋贈就好。

答案:   1.    E    2.    I      3.    G    4.    C    5.    A    6.    D    7.    H    8.    F     9.    J     10.  B

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