For the environmentally conscious, boarding a flight can be a source of mild stress or guilt, considering the hefty carbon footprint that comes with it. A new antiflying movement known as “flight shaming” is giving Earth-loving travelers a way of renouncing their guilt while still experiencing the joys of __1__ and international travel.
Flight shaming, or flygskam, is a movement that originated in Sweden in 2017. Back then, singer Staffan Lindberg declared his intention to __2__ flying to and from his concerts in favor of travel by train, bus, car, or boat. Other local celebrities, including environmental icon Greta Thunberg, followed suit. Before long, a substantial segment of the general public had happily __3__ on board. The following year, the hashtag #jagstannarpåmarken—which translates as #stayontheground—started gaining __4__ on the internet, and by 2019, annual air travel in Sweden had fallen by 5%.
Although “shame” has a relatively negative connotation, the __5__ outcome of the flight shaming movement has been undeniably positive. No longer confined to Sweden alone, the trend has __6__ throughout Europe. More and more Europeans are now opting to travel by land or sea whenever possible. Besides, the movement is less about shaming other people out of flying than it is about changing one’s own travel habits for the __7__ of the Earth.
An interesting side effect of the flight shaming movement is that those who __8__ it often rediscover the novelty of slow, purposeful travel. When traveling by land, one can __9__ the multitude of sights, sounds, and smells along the way. In addition, travelers are more likely to discover interesting new restaurants and hotels, and get a chance to __10__ with the locals. Without a doubt, travelers willing to take on the challenge of flygskam have the opportunity to experience local culture in ways that passengers flying thousands of miles above could only dream of.
(A) observe (B) benefit (C) take in (D) spread (E) overall
(F) give up (G) interact (H) popularity (I) domestic (J) jumped
