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✶ 水下考古:「潛」進歷史 Archaeology under the Sea (上)【本篇為全程英文講解】
Archaeology under the Sea
#閱讀測驗 #全英文講解
難度 收藏文章
考古學家不是在地下尋找古代文物，而是潛入海洋深處進行搜索。
>> 海底波動拳 槍蝦的「聲」存之道Pistol Shrimp: Small Shrimp, Big Sound(全程英文講解)
目錄 /閱讀測驗
Archaeologists tend to be stereotyped as people who work on land, digging up ancient ruins that lie below the surface of the earth. However, in recent decades, an exciting new form of archaeology has taken shape. This new practice is called underwater archaeology. Put simply, instead of looking under the ground for ancient artifacts, archaeologists dive deep into the ocean to conduct their searches. Underwater archaeology, although not without logistical difficulties, has been responsible for a number of high-profile findings in recent years.
The development of underwater archaeology owes much to concurrent technological progress. First and foremost, it was the invention of self-contained underwater breathing apparatuses, or scuba for short, that initially made this practice possible. Subsequently, more advanced technologies—such as light detection and ranging (or lidar) and submersibles, which are remotely controlled robotic vehicles that can travel underwater— have rendered underwater archaeology more straightforward by making ocean environments more accessible and easier to observe.
However, practical challenges still remain. For example, the archaeologists involved need to be skilled divers who can maneuver themselves underwater while properly handling any delicate discoveries. In addition, the success of a search relies heavily on good weather and water conditions.
Nevertheless, underwater archaeology has led to some truly fascinating discoveries despite the limitations. In 1994, a group of archaeologists from France working in Egypt found the remains of the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, during a search in the modern city of Alexandria’s Eastern Harbor. With such discoveries, it is clear why many of the world’s archaeologists are now looking to deep waters to uncover the hidden treasures that lie beneath.
>> 「橋」見一座城市的性格與美好Bridges That Shape the Way We See Cities
單字片語整理
Words in Use
●n. 刻板印象vt. 對......有成見 / 刻板印象Scott, who is always casually dressed, doesn't conform to the stereotype of a Wall Street banker.
史考特衣著一向很隨便，不符合一般人心目中華爾街銀行家的形象。Those who stereotype other people often base their opinions on what they have heard, not actual experience.
那些對他人有刻板印象的人，常以他們所聽到的，而非實際經驗來做評論。多益金色英檢中高高中 Level 5●ruins[ˋrʊɪnz]n. 廢墟（恆用複數）英檢初級●●●subsequently[ˋsʌbsɪ͵kwɛntlɪ]adv. 後來，接著多益金色英檢中高高中 Level 5●vt. 使成為；提供；翻譯；使處於（某種狀態）Thousands of people were rendered homeless by the flood.
這次的水災使上千人無家可歸。That store renders excellent service to its customers.
那家店提供顧客很棒的服務。That store offers excellent service to its customers.
那家店提供顧客很棒的服務。David is well trained in rendering English into Chinese.
大衛在英翻中方面受過良好的訓練。多益金色英檢中高高中 Level 5●a. 直接的；簡單的，易懂的=frankDon’t beat around the bush. Mr. Lin is a very straightforward man. You can talk openly with him.
不要拐彎抹角的。林先生是很直接的人。你可以很坦率地跟他說話。The installation of this software is pretty straightforward. All you need to do is follow the instructions step by step.
安裝這套軟體很容易。你只要一步步跟著指示就行了。多益藍色英檢中高高中 Level 5●●●n. 限制；缺點（可數）=shortcomingThe school authorities used to impose a limitation on the length of students’ hair.
校方曾對學生頭髮的長度加以設限。Basically, this is a good car, but it has its limitations.
基本上這輛車不賴，不過仍有缺點。Basically, this is a good car, but it has its shortcomings.
基本上這輛車不賴，不過仍有缺點。高中 Level 4●●●●concurrent[kənˋkərənt]a. 同時存在的●logistical[lɑˋdʒɪstɪk!]a. 後勤方面的●●self-contained[͵sɛlfkənˋtend]a. 自給自足的●●waters[ˋwɔtɚz]n. 水域（恆用複數）英檢初級高中 Level 1●●submersible[səbˋmɝsəb!]n. 潛艇●scuba[ˋskjubə]n. 水肺（潛水者所用的一種水中呼吸裝置）●Practical Phrases
●rely on依賴……；信賴……= count on...I know he is a man I can always rely on.
我知道他是一個可信賴的人。We rely on clean water to live.
我們仰賴乾淨的水生活。●first and foremost首要的是；首先There are many ways to stay healthy. First and foremost, you should have a balanced diet.
有許多維持健康的方法。首先，你應該要均衡飲食。●owe A to B將 A 歸功於 B= attribute A to BI owe what I am to my parents.
我要把我現有的成就歸功於父母。●Put simply, S + V簡言之，⋯⋯Put simply, Lily works harder than anyone else in the company.
簡單地說，莉莉是這家公司工作最認真的人。●dig up... / dig... up挖出⋯⋯Tina dug up a dying plant in her garden.
蒂娜挖起一株她花園裡快枯死的植物。●take shape成形，形成Our plans to build a house started to take shape last spring.
我們的建屋計畫在去年春天開始成形。●light detection and ranging光學雷達（縮寫為 lidar）水下考古:「 潛」 進歷史
刻板印象中往往認為考古學家是在陸地上工作的人，他們挖掘地表下的古代廢墟。然而，近幾十年來，一種令人興奮的新考古形式已經成形。這種新做法被稱為水下考古學。簡而言之，考古學家不是在地下尋找古代文物，而是潛入海洋深處進行搜索。水下考古雖然並非沒有後勤方面的困難，但近年來出現了許多備受關注的發現。
水下考古學的發展很大程度上歸功於同時發展的技術進步。 首先，是自給式水下呼吸器(簡稱「水肺」)的發明最初使這種 做法成為可能。隨後，更先進的技術 ── 例如光學雷達(縮寫 為 lidar)和潛水器，它們是可以在水下行駛的遠端遙控機器人 車輛 ── 透過使海洋環境更容易到達及更容易觀察，水下考古變得更簡單。
然而，實際的挑戰仍然存在。例如，參與的考古學家需是熟練的潛水員，他們要能在水下控制自己的方向，同時妥善處理任何易碎的發現物。此外，搜索要成功，很大程度需仰賴良好的天氣和水況。
不過，儘管有所侷限，水下考古還是帶來了一些真正令人著迷的發現。1994 年，一群在埃及工作的法國考古學家在現代城 市亞歷山大東港的搜索中，發現了古代世界七大奇觀之一的亞歷 山大燈塔的遺跡。有了這樣的發現，就很清楚為什麼世界上的許 多考古學家現在都希望能在深海發現隱藏在海底的寶藏。
本篇內容出自《常春藤解析/生活英語雜誌》，
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Mark Darvill
Don’t let the noise of other people’s opinions drown your inner voice.
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