Dry ice is a remarkable substance with many versatileuses. It might look like a simple block of white-colored ice, but this could not be further from the truth. While regular ice is the solid form of water or H2O, dry ice is the solid state of carbon dioxideor CO2. Temperatures must be incredibly low to freeze carbon dioxide gas into a solid form. This unique propertymakes dry ice ideal for tasks such as flash-freezingproduce, keeping foods cold during transit, and even removing molesfrom people’s skin.
One of the most notable physical characteristicsof dry ice is its ability to sublime. Sublimation is a phenomenon in which a substance transforms froma solid state directly into a gaseousstate without becoming a liquid. In the case of dry ice, this occurs at the frigidtemperature of -78.5°C. If carbon dioxide falls below this point, it transforms into dry ice. Conversely, when it is above this temperature, it transforms into CO2 gas. Due to its extremely low temperature, dry ice can be dangerous to handle and can cause severe skin burns if touched without proper protection.
When dry ice is combined with water, it produces an interesting reaction. If you place it in a bucket of water, the carbon dioxide will react withthe water and produce gas bubbles. As the gas bubbles reach the water’s surface, they create a thick fog because of the extremely cold temperature of the dry ice. The fog is much denser than the surrounding air, so it normally sinks to the ground, creating an eerie sensation. Therefore, dry ice is the perfect addition to any hauntedhouse.
1. What happens in the process of sublimation?
(A) A gas becomes a solid.
(B) A solid becomes a liquid.
(C) A solid becomes a gas.
(D) A liquid becomes a gas.
2. Gina is working on a report about dry ice. Which of the following pieces of information is NOT correct?
(A) “Dry ice is the name for CO2 in its solid state.”
(B) “If not handled properly, dry ice can pose safety risks.”
(C) “Dry ice can be used in various ways, even in the medical field.”
(D) “When the temperature drops below -78.5°C, CO2 becomes gaseous.”
3. Why does dry ice form a dense fog when it is blended with water?
(A) The dry ice turns into a solid ice block.
(B) The dry ice causes the water to dissolve10, forming water vapor.
(C) The temperature of the water is far colder than that of the carbon dioxide.
(D) The combination creates cold CO2 bubbles that turn into fog on the water's surface.
答案： 1. C 2. D 3. D
單字片語整理
Words in Use
●
transform
[trænsˋfɔrm]
.vt. 變化，改變
The land owner turned the old house into a hotel.
地主將這棟舊屋改成一家旅館。
The land owner transformed the old house into a hotel.
地主將這棟舊屋改成一家旅館。
The land owner converted the old house into a hotel.
地主將這棟舊屋改成一家旅館。
The land owner changed the old house into a hotel.
地主將這棟舊屋改成一家旅館。
多益藍色
英檢中級
高中 Level 4
●
versatile
[ˋvɝsət!]
a. . 多才多藝的
John is very versatile; he is a painter, a musician, an
engineer, and a scientist.
約翰非常多才多藝，他是個畫家、音樂家、工程師兼科學家。
多益金色
英檢中高
高中 Level 6
●
property
[ˋprɑpɚtɪ]
n. 財產（不可數）；特性（可數）
=
quality
=
possessions
They lost all their property in the fire.
他們在這場大火中失去了所有財產。
One property of diamonds is hardness.
堅硬是鑽石的一項特性。
多益綠色
英檢中級
高中 Level 3
●
produce
[ˋprɑdjus]
n. 農產品（不可數）
Henry’s farm is famous for its fresh produce.
亨利的農場素以新鮮的農產品聞名。
多益金色
英檢中高
●
transit
[ˋtrænsɪt]
n. （貨物的）運輸
vt. 通過
My brother made an insurance claim for his luggage that was lost in transit.
我哥的行李在運送途中遺失了，所以他去申請了保險理賠。
The ship is currently transiting the Panama Canal and will arrive in five hours.
這艘船現正通過巴拿馬運河且將在五小時後抵達。
英檢中高
高中 Level 5
●
characteristic
[͵kærəktəˋrɪstɪk]
a. 典型的（皆與介詞 of 並用）
n. 特徵
Genes determine the characteristics of every living thing.
基因決定了每樣生物的種種特徵。
This usage is characteristic of American English.
這種用法是美式英語的特徵。
This kind of hot and spicy food is very characteristic of the food in the country.
這種辛辣食物是該國非常典型的食物。
多益藍色
英檢中級
高中 Level 4
●
conversely
[kənˋvɝslɪ]
adv. 相反地
The movie we saw was supposed to be incredible. Conversely, it left us completely disappointed.
我們看的那部電影應該要很精采才是。相反地，它讓我們失望極了。
英檢中高
●
dense
[dɛns]
a. 稠密的
We have a dense population in Taipei.
臺北人口稠密。
Taipei is densely populated.
臺北人口稠密。
多益藍色
英檢中級
高中 Level 4
●
sensation
[sɛnˋseʃən]
n. 感覺， 知覺；轟動（的事情）
Following the car accident, Rose lost the sensation in two fingers on her left hand.
車禍後，蘿絲左手的兩根手指失去了知覺。
The news that the famous Korean band would play a concert in Taipei caused a big sensation.
該知名韓國樂團會在臺北辦演唱會的消息造成了一場大轟動。
多益藍色
英檢中高
高中 Level 5
●
haunted
[ˋhɔntɪd]
adj. 鬧鬼的
I was scared to death in the haunted house.
我剛才在鬼屋被嚇個半死。
英檢中高
高中 Level 6
●
dissolve
[dɪˋzɑlv]
vt. & vi. 溶解
Dissolve the tablets in warm water before you take them. 把藥片投入溫水中溶解後再服用。
The instant coffee powder didn’t completely dissolve because the water was not hot enough.
因為水溫不夠高，即溶咖啡粉末並未完全溶解。
多益金色
英檢中級
高中 Level 5
●
flash-freeze
vt. 快速冷凍（食物）
●
mole
[mol]
n. 痣
●
gaseous
[ ˈgæʃəs / ˋgæsɪəs]
a. 氣態的
英檢中高
●
frigid
[ˋfrɪgɪd]
a. 寒冷的
●
vapor
[ˋvepɚ]
n. . 蒸氣
The doctor used water vaporto treat my sore throat.
醫生用水蒸氣來治療我的喉嚨痛。
英檢中級
高中 Level 6
Practical Phrases
●
sth could not be further from the truth
某事與事實完全相反；某事與實際狀況大相逕庭
It looked as if everything was fine with Scott's family on the surface, but this could not be further from the truth.
史考特的家庭表面上一切都很好，但實際狀況卻是大相逕庭。
●
transform from A into B
從 A 轉變成 B
The witch transformed from an old lady into a beautiful maiden.
那個女巫從老太太變成了美麗的少女。
●
react with...
與⋯⋯產生化學反應
Oxygen reacts with hydrogen to produce two compounds: water and hydrogen peroxide.
氧氣和氫氣反應後會產生兩種化合物：水及過氧化氫。
●
carbon dioxide
二氧化碳
Plants absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.
植物吸收二氧化碳並且製造氧氣。
eerie a. 怪異可怕的 • An eerie silence rippled through the crowd as the announcement was made.
發布通知後，眾人陷入一片詭異的寂靜。
以下介紹其他表「怪異的，可怕的」的用法︰
a. creepy a. 令人毛骨悚然的 • The abandoned cabin was so creepy that no one dared to enter.
這間廢棄的小木屋令人感到毛骨悚然，因此沒人敢踏進一步。
b. spooky a.（尤指因超自然現象而）令人毛骨悚然的 • The empty mansion on the mountain top always gave me a spooky feeling.
山頂上那座空蕩蕩的豪宅總是讓我感到毛骨悚然。
c. scary a. 可怕的 • Hospitals are viewed as scary places in horror films.
醫院在恐怖電影中被視為恐怖的地方。
d. chilling a. 令人害怕／毛骨悚然的 • The chilling sound of footsteps echoed throughout the long hallway.
長長的走廊裡回蕩著令人毛骨悚然的腳步聲。
e. frightening a. 嚇人的，可怕的 • Though bungee-jumping is frightening, Nyla decided to take a chance and try it.
雖然高空彈跳很嚇人，但奈拉決定冒險試試看。
