US President Donald Trump yesterday announcedsweeping "reciprocaltariffs" on US tradingpartners, including a 32 percent tax on goods from Taiwan that is set to take effect on Wednesday.
At a Rose Garden event, Trump declared a 10 percent baseline tax on imports from all countries, with the White House saying it would take effect on Saturday.
The new policyimposes a 32 percent tariff on importedelectronics.（新政策對進口電子產品徵收 32% 的關稅。）
3 take effect生效 ＊用來描述新政策或法令正式開始執行的時間。
The new regulations will take effect next month, so companies need toprepare.（新規定將於下個月生效，因此公司需要做好準備。）
4 baseline tax基礎稅率 ＊指針對所有國家的進口商品所設定的統一最低稅率。
A 10 percent baseline taxwas introduced to level the playing field for all imports.（為了讓所有進口產品處於公平競爭，新推出了10%的基礎稅率。）
US President Donald Trump delivers remarks on tariffs in the Rose Garden at the White House in Washington yesterday. Photo: Reuters
Countries with larger tradesurpluses with the US would face higher duties beginning on Wednesday, including Taiwan (32 percent), China (34 percent), Japan (24 percent), South Korea (25 percent), Vietnam (46 percent) and Thailand (36 percent).
Canada and Mexico, the two largest US tradingpartners, already face 25 percent tariffs on many goods and would not face additional levies from yesterday's announcement.
The reciprocaltariffs do not apply tocertain goods, including copper, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, lumber, gold, energy and "certainminerals that are not available in the United States," according to a White House fact sheet.
Trump is also planning other tariffstargeting semiconductors, pharmaceuticals and potentiallycriticalminerals, a White House official said.
The White House said the tariffsaim to address "the injustices of global trade, reshore manufacturing and drive economicgrowth for the American people," but economicexperts have warned that the measures could spark a trade war, exacerbateinflation and disruptinternational trade.
英文小提示
6 exacerbateinflation加劇通脹 ＊表示某一措施可能使物價上漲的壓力變得更大。
Economists warn that such policies might exacerbateinflationnationwide.（經濟學家警告，這樣的政策可能會全國性地加劇通脹。）
The sanctions could disruptinternational trade, affectingsupplychainsaround the world.（這些制裁可能擾亂國際貿易，影響全球供應鏈。）
Hours after the announcement, the US Senate passed legislation that would terminate new tariffs on Canada.
The Senate voted 51-48 to approve the bill and send it to the House of Representatives, where it is likely to be shelved.
In a blow to Trump, four Senate Republicans teamed up with Democrats to advance the legislation.
＊這句中的 "In a blow to Trump" 是一個慣用語，意思是「對特朗普造成打擊」或「對特朗普不利」的事情發生了。在這裡，它引申為一個事件對川普的形象或局勢造成了負面影響。這類表達常見於新聞報導，用來形容某項行動或決策成為對某人的一大挫折或損失。
The sweeping duties would erect new barriersaround the world's largest consumer economy, reversing decades of trade liberalization that have shaped the global order.
Trading partners are expected to respond with countermeasures of their own that could lead todramatically higher prices for everything from bicycles to wine
US stockfuturesdropped sharply after the announcement, following weeks of volatiletrading as investorsspeculated about how the incomingtariffs might affect the global economy, inflation and corporateearnings.
英文小提示
8 countermeasures 反制措施 ＊指針對某項措施或政策所採取的對抗或補救行動。
In response to the tariffs, several nations announced their countermeasures.（作為回應，幾個國家宣布了他們的反制措施。）
9 speculated猜測、預期 ＊用來描述投資者或市場根據情勢猜測政策或事件對經濟的影響。
Investorsspeculated that the new measures would lead to market volatility.（投資者猜測新措施會導致市場波動。）
10 volatiletrading交易波動劇烈 ＊描述股市或交易市場狀態不穩，價格頻繁波動。
The announcement of the tariffstriggered weeks of volatiletrading in the stock market.（關稅公告引發了股市連續數週的劇烈波動。）
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