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形成颱風的第一個條件是海洋表面的某個水域溫度需要高於攝氏二十六度。
>> 美國水族館開設企鵝養老村/旅宿業吹起綠色風潮 減少房務來種樹
目錄 /科普園地
Typhoons are large tropical storms made up of rain and high-velocity winds. They originate in the Northwest Pacific and often travel westward towards Asia. Taiwan is sometimes hit by typhoons, which can cause landslides on mountain slopes and damage to homes. But how exactly do they form?
The first requirement for a typhoon to form is that an area of water on the ocean’s surface needs to be above 26°C. This water will originate in the tropics or subtropics. The warm water evaporates, creating warm and moist air above it. The moisture is light and moves upward. It then makes contact with cold air and forms clouds.
>> 救命啊！換季過敏太痛苦啦！ My Allergies Are Out of Control!
When the warm air rises, air from surrounding areas rushes in to take its place. The warm water makes the “new” air become warm and humid. The air then moves upward in a spiraling motion and forms more clouds. More air pushes into the area to fill a “deficit” of air near the surface. This process continues, and the storm gets bigger and stronger.
A space of clear weather forms in the center as the storm rotates faster and faster. This is known as the eye of the storm. The weather within the eye is peaceful, while the eyewall directly surrounding it is the fiercest. This process of air being “fed” into the tropical storm by warm ocean water continues while wind speeds increase. When wind speeds reach 119 kilometers per hour, the storm is classified as a typhoon. Typhoons weaken as they hit land since they can no longer draw energy from the ocean.
Typhoons are called by different names, depending on where they originate. For example, in the Northeast Pacific and the northern half of the Atlantic Ocean, they are known as hurricanes, while in the Southern Hemisphere, they are called tropical cyclones.
1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
(A) Warm, humid air rises because it is light.
(B) A typhoon has wind speeds of about 33 meters per second or higher.
(C) The surface of a sea has to be at least 26°C to form a typhoon.
(D) Typhoons are called tropical cyclones in the Northeast Pacific.
2. According to the passage, which part of the typhoon is the most dangerous?
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
3. What happens when a typhoon reaches land?
(A) It has more water.
(B) It slowly loses power.
(C) It immediately vanishes.
(D) It gradually gets stronger.
答案: 1.D 2.C 3.B
單字片語整理
Words in Use
●●vt. 源自=deriveAutomobiles originated in the 19th century.
汽車源自於 19 世紀。My dance teacher told me that the tango originated in both Argentina and Uruguay.
我的舞蹈老師跟我說探戈起源於阿根廷與烏拉圭Many Christmas traditions are thought to have originated in Germany.
聖誕節的許多傳統被認為是起源於德國。Chinese herbal medicines originate from plants and other natural substances.
中藥源自植物以及其他天然物質。多益金色英檢中高高中 Level 6●●●●●●●●●n. 原因；理由vt. 引起；導致=reasonRon’s carelessness caused the accident.
榮恩的粗心大意釀成了這起意外。The sad movie caused me to cry.
那部傷感的電影讓我哭了出來。The sad movie made me cry.
那部傷感的電影讓我哭了出來。What was the cause of the explosion?
那起爆炸的原因是什麼？The concert was terrific―I had no cause for complaint.
音樂會精彩極了 — 我沒有理由可以抱怨。The flood caused damage to dozens of homes, and many people were left homeless.
那場洪水造成數十間房屋損毀，許多人落得無家可歸。多益藍色英檢初級高中 Level 2●velocity[vəˋlɑsətɪ]n. 速度英檢中高●westward[ˋwɛstwɚd]adv. 向西方●●●●n. . 螺旋vi. 螺旋下降 (飛機以螺旋形狀向下墜落)Since John retired, his health has been in a
downward spiral.
自從約翰退休後，他的健康情況就持續惡化。
In art class, Heather learned how to make
complicated spiral shapes and created such a
beautiful painting.
在美術課上，希瑟學會了如何畫複雜的螺旋形狀，並創作出
了這樣一幅美麗的畫。The large staircase spiraled to the top floor, with so
many steps that people became tired and dizzy.
大樓梯盤旋到樓頂，而臺階太多了，多到令人頭昏眼花。高中 Level 6●Practical Phrases
●A be made up of BA 由 B 組成This class is made up of twenty boys and five girls.
這個班級是由 20 位男孩和 5 位女孩組成的。●make contact with接觸⋯⋯；與⋯⋯聯繫The outer edges of a tire make contact with the road's surface.
輪胎外側邊緣與道路表面接觸。The father was worried because he couldn't make contact with his daughter.
那位父親很擔心，因為他聯繫不上他的女兒。●take one’s place取代某人／某物的⋯⋯（位置、職務等）Jennie quit, and the supervisor had to hire someone to take her place.
珍妮辭職了，主管得僱用人來取代珍妮的位置。●depending on...視⋯⋯而定（作片語介詞用）House prices can vary, depending on where the house is located.
房價會視房屋地點有所變動。●feed A into B餵 A 給 B；將 A 送到 B 中Helen fed some documents into the shredder.
海倫將一些文件送入碎紙機。●the tropics熱帶（地區） （恆用複數）The scientist has spent a couple of years researching
in the tropics.
這位科學家已花了幾年的時間在熱帶地區做研究。●the subtropics亞熱帶地區●do / cause damage to sb/sth對某人 / 事物造成損害Taking drugs does damage to one's body and mind.
吸毒有害身心。The flood caused damage to dozens of homes, and many people were left homeless.
那場洪水造成數十間房屋損毀，許多人落得無家可歸。rotate vi. (常用來指繞著自身內部的中心點)轉動，自轉
• Our planet rotates around its axis. 地球沿著自身的軸心轉動。
以下介紹表「轉動」的不同用法:
a. spin vi. 旋轉，自轉(跟 rotate 類似)
三態為:spin, spun, spun。
• The race car drove fast with its wheels spinning rapidly.
那輛跑車開很快，其車輪迅速轉動。
b. revolve vi. (常指繞外部的一點)轉動，公轉
• Saturn revolves around the Sun.
土星圍繞太陽轉動。
c. orbit vi. & vt. 圍繞比自己還要大上許多的物體移動(尤指行星、恆星等)
• The satellite orbits the Earth. 那個衛星圍繞地球移動。
颱風快報!颱風如何生成報給你知
颱風是由雨水和高速的風組成的大型熱帶風暴。颱風起 源於西北太平洋，通常向西往亞洲移動。臺灣有時會受到颱 風侵襲，可能導致山坡地坍方以及造成房屋損壞。但颱風究 竟是如何形成的呢?
形成颱風的第一個條件是海洋表面的某個水域溫度需要 高於攝氏二十六度。這個水域總是起源於熱帶或亞熱帶。溫 暖的水蒸發，在上方形成溫暖潮溼的空氣。那團溼氣很輕， 會向上移動。接著其與冷空氣接觸並形成雲朵。
暖空氣上升時，來自周遭的空氣會湧入來取代其位置。 溫暖的水使「新」空氣變得溫暖潮溼。接著那團空氣以螺旋 狀向上移動並形成更多雲朵。更多空氣向該區域推進，填補 水面附近的空氣「不足」。這個過程持續進行，風暴就變得 愈大、愈強。
隨著風暴的旋轉愈來愈快，中心形成了一個有著晴朗天 氣的空間。這被稱為颱風眼。颱風眼內的天氣平靜，而直接 包圍著颱風眼的眼牆天氣則是最猛烈的。由溫暖海水將空氣 「餵」給熱帶風暴的這個過程持續進行，與此同時風速增加 了。當風速達到每小時一百一十九公里時，風暴即被歸類作 颱風。颱風登陸時會減弱，因其不能再從海洋中汲取能量。
颱風有不同的名稱，取決於它們的起源地。例如，在東 北太平洋和北大西洋的颱風被稱為颶風，而在南半球的颱風 叫作熱帶氣旋。
1. 以下哪一項敘述不正確?
(A) 溫暖潮溼的空氣上升，因為其重量輕。
(B) 颱風的風速約每秒三十三公尺或更快。
(C) 海面溫度必須至少達到攝氏二十六度才能形成颱風。
(D) 東北太平洋的颱風被稱作熱帶氣旋。
2. 根據本文，颱風的哪個部分最危險?
題解: 本文第四段提及「直接包圍著颱風眼的眼牆天氣 是最猛烈的」，所以選最靠近颱風眼的 (C)。
3. 颱風登陸時會如何?
(A) 颱風有更多的水。
(B) 颱風力量慢慢減弱。
(C) 颱風立即消失。
(D) 颱風逐漸變強。
延伸閱讀
關鍵字： #環境·衛生 #永續發展 SDGs
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