科普園地
It’s a natural treat loved by people around the world. For a lot of moviegoers, a night out at the cinema wouldn’t be the same without it. Many adults and kids also delight in making it at home to snack on. After all, it’s hard not to love a food that explodes . But why exactly does popcorn blow up and turn into something delicious?
In fact, the science behind popcorn is fairly simple. With popcorn, there are three main factors at work. Firstly, the kernel, or seed, of popcorn contains a small amount of water, along with a large amount of starch. Secondly, the outer shell of the kernel, which is called the hull, is strong and traps water inside it. Thirdly, when heated enough, the water expands into steam. This steam makes the starch softer. It also produces pressure inside the kernel. Since the steam cannot escape from the hull, it eventually explodes. When that happens, the kernel basically turns inside out.
Does all corn act this way? No, the corn that people commonly eat is a variety known as sweet corn. No matter how long someone leaves sweet corn on a barbecue or in an oven, it won’t burst into little puffs. The popcorn people eat comes from a variety of corn that is itself called popcorn. Another interesting fact about popcorn is related to the reason that it makes a bang when it pops. It was once thought that the sound came from the kernel breaking. However, scientists discovered it is actually due to the sudden release of water vapor from the kernel. In other words, this swift change in air pressure produces the popping sound.
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1. What is the second paragraph mainly about? (A) How and where popcorn is grown. (B) Why popcorn bursts open when heated. (C) The history behind a popular snack food. (D) Why popcorn is so popular around the world. |
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2. According to the passage, which part of the kernel prevents steam from flowing out?
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3. Four students are in a group discussion. Which of the following statements is correct? (A) “In addition to popcorn, sweet corn can also pop.” (B) “The corn kernel is mainly composed of the seed, starch, and flakes.” (C) “Many people enjoy eating popcorn while watching movies.” (D) “Sweet corn also makes a popping sound when fried in hot oil.” |
答案: 1 .B 2 .D 3 .C
We had a barbecue on the beach last Sunday.
上星期天我們在海邊烤肉。
Brandon put another sausage on the barbecue.
布蘭登再放一條香腸到烤肉架上。
This restaurant serves delicious barbecue.
這家餐廳供應美味的燒烤食物。
We barbecued corn and bell peppers.
我們烤了玉米和甜椒。
Jimmy didn’t even puff after the intense game.
在那場激烈的比賽過後,吉米甚至氣都沒有喘一下。
Randy sat in the living room, puffing a cigarette until
his wife told him to stop smoking.
蘭迪坐在客廳抽菸,直到妻子告訴他不要抽菸了。
If you want to puff on your cigarette, you need to go
outside.
如果你想抽菸,就必須去外面。
The old man slowly took a puff and then began to
tell us his story.
那老人慢慢地吸了一口菸,然後開始告訴我們他的故事。
The magician disappeared in a puff of smoke.
那魔術師消失在一陣煙之中。
One of Steve’s favorite snacks is cream puffs.
史提夫最喜歡吃的點心之一就是奶油泡芙。
In 1949, the Soviet Union exploded its first atomic bomb.
1949 年,蘇聯引爆它的第一顆原子彈。
The newspapers showed pictures of the plane after it exploded.
報紙登出這架飛機爆炸後的照片。
We exploded the bridge so the enemy troops couldn't cross it.
我們把橋炸掉,好讓敵軍無法通過。
We blew up the bridge so the enemy troops couldn't cross it.
我們把橋炸掉,好讓敵軍無法通過。
The population of this town has exploded in recent years.
該鎮的人口近年來激增。
A lion was caught in the hunter’s trap.
一頭獅子困在獵人的陷阱中。
Don’t fall into the trap of buying more than you need.
別掉入圈套去買你不需要的東西。
The reporter asked the natives how they trap animals.
記者問當地人他們是如何設陷阱捕捉動物的。
Many people were trapped in the building when a fire broke out.
失火時,很多人被困在大樓裡。
The little boy used a needle to burst the balloon.
小男孩用一根針刺破氣球。
Melissa burst out crying when she heard about the accident.
梅莉莎聽到關於這個意外的消息就大哭了起來。
Melissa burst into tears when she heard about the accident.
梅莉莎聽到關於這個意外的消息就大哭了起來。
We could hear the bomb burst in the distance.
我們可以聽到遠處炸彈爆炸的聲響。
Do you know what caused the burst of water?
你知道造成水噴出來的原因嗎?
Tommy gave a loud burst of laughter when he heard my joke.
湯米聽到我講的笑話就放聲大笑。
The police officer heard a loud bang and quickly grabbed his gun.
這名警官聽到一聲砰然巨響,便迅速掏槍。
The angry man shut the door with a bang.
這名生氣的男子砰地一聲把門關上。
The meeting went off with a bang.
會議開得很成功。
The little boy cried when he banged his head against the table.
那個小男孩頭撞到桌子哭了起來。
The little boy cried when he bumped his head against the table.
那個小男孩頭撞到桌子哭了起來。
Kelly always arrives at work bang on time.
凱莉總是準時上班。
After ten years in prison, the prisoner was released this morning.
坐了 10 年牢後,那名囚犯今早獲釋。
The authorities concerned have released the names of those killed in the crash.
有關當局已發布這次空難的罹難者名單。
Simon’s good behavior earned him early release from prison.
賽門表現良好,因此可以提早出獄。
Marilyn Manson’s latest release again topped the charts.
瑪莉蓮.曼森發行的最新專輯再次橫掃排行榜冠軍。
Do you have anything in your house to snack on? I'm hungry.
你家裡有什麼可以吃的嗎?我餓死了。
Rock formations are a perfect example of weathering at work.
岩石的的形成是風化作用產生影響的最佳範例。
According to the news, a notorious drug dealer escaped from prison.
據新聞報導,一個惡名昭彰的毒販越獄了。
Sam didn’t notice that he was wearing his T-shirt inside out.
山姆沒發現他把 T 恤裡外穿反了。
The artist's paintings are related to the relationship between man and nature.
那名藝術家的畫作是關於人類與大自然之間的關係。
pop [ pɑp ] vi. 砰的一聲爆開
• The balloon Amy held suddenly popped and gave her a fright.
艾咪手裡拿的氣球突然砰的一聲爆開,嚇了她一大跳。
以下介紹跟烹飪或食物相關的擬聲詞(狀聲詞):
a. pop 是爆米花爆開的聲音,或是開酒瓶蓋時「啵」 一聲的聲音。
b. bubble 是水、湯沸騰時的咕嚕咕嚕聲。
• Please turn off the gas when you hear the water bubbling.
聽到水滾時,請關掉瓦斯。
c. crack 是雞蛋裂開時的聲音。
• Knock the egg on the table a few times and it will crack.
把雞蛋敲桌子幾下,它就會裂開。
d. crackle 是炸食物時所發出的劈劈啪啪聲。
• I can hear the crackling sound whenever my mother fries something.
每當我媽媽炸東西時,我都能聽到劈劈啪啪聲。
e. sizzle 是鐵板煎烤食物發出的滋滋聲。
• The steak sizzles on the grill, and I start to get hungry.
牛排在烤架上滋滋作響,我開始覺得餓了。
它是一種受到世界各地人們喜愛的天然美味食物。對很 多常去看電影的人來說,如果沒有它,在電影院的夜晚就會 有所不同。許多大人和小孩也喜歡在家裡做這道點心吃。畢 竟,很難不愛上會爆開的食物。但爆米花究竟為什麼會爆, 並變成美味的東西呢?
事實上,爆米花背後的科學原理相當簡單。這當中有三 個主要因素影響著。首先,爆米花的玉米粒(或種子)含有 少量的水分和大量的澱粉。其次,玉米粒的外殼(hull)很 結實,會把水分存在裡頭。第三,當加熱至夠熱時,水會膨 脹成蒸氣。這些蒸氣使澱粉變得較軟。它還會在玉米粒內部 產生壓力。由於蒸氣無法從外殼溢出,外殼最終就爆開了。 這種情況發生時,玉米粒基本上就會外翻過來。
所有的玉米都會這樣嗎?不,一般人們常吃的玉米是一 種被稱為甜玉米的品種。無論將甜玉米放在烤肉架上或烤箱 中多久,它都不會爆裂成蓬鬆的米花。人們吃的爆米花來自 一種本身叫做爆米花的玉米品種。另一個關於爆米花的有趣 事實是關乎爆米花爆裂時產生砰砰聲的原因。曾有人認為, 這個聲音是因為玉米粒破裂。然而,科學家發現,事實上砰 砰聲是因為玉米粒中突然釋放的水蒸氣。換句話說,是這種 氣壓的迅速變化產生了爆裂聲。
| 1. 第二段的主旨為何? (A) 爆米花的種植方式和地點。 (B) 爆米花加熱時為何會爆開。 (C) 人氣零食背後的歷史。 (D) 爆米花為何在世界各地如此受歡迎。 |
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2. 根據本文,玉米粒的哪個地方會防止蒸氣溢出? (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D 題解: 根據第二段,由於蒸氣無法從外殼溢出,玉米粒 最終就會爆開,圖中 D 所指的部分為玉米粒的外 殼(hull),故選之。 |
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3. 四位學生正在小組討論。以下哪項敘述是正確的? (A) 「除了爆米花會爆之外,甜玉米也會爆。」 (B) 「玉米粒主要由種子、澱粉和玉米片組成。」 (C) 「許多人喜愛在看電影時吃爆米花。」 (D) 「甜玉米在熱油中油炸時也會有爆裂聲。」 |
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