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人們對野生動物著迷，而動物園可能是讓有些人能靠近觀察動物的唯一機會。
>> 貓咪數量銳減 猴硐貓村下一步該怎麼走？/正常甜 = 半糖 泰國重訂「正常甜度」標準
目錄 /混合題型
People have a fascination with wild animals, and zoos may be the only chance for some to observe animals closely. Whether it’s rarely-seen creatures like kangaroos and koalas, curious animals like sloths and pangolins, or even endangered species like rhinos and orangutans, humans enjoy watching the behavior of creatures on display. The keeping of wild animals in cages is nothing new, though. There is evidence from ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian wall carvings showing that the first efforts to keep animals in enclosed pens began thousands of years ago. Later, various animals were kept in private collections called menageries by well-off people and leaders to show off their wealth and power.
>> 雪之妖精與牠們的長尾山雀家族Life of the Long-Tailed Tit(全英文講解)
It wasn’t until the Age of Enlightenment that this practice evolved into what resembles the modern zoo. This was a time when reason, logic, and science became highly valued and respected in Europe. During this time, people started to study animals for scientific reasons. Early zoos kept living animals in small limited areas for observation. Compared with zoos of today, they were seriously lacking in what animals require to feel comfortable. Zoos today aim to create environments similar to natural habitats for animals.
There has been much debate about zoos as part of the discussion on animal rights. On one hand, zoos help protect species and promote breeding with special programs. They also educate visitors about wild animals and allow people to see the creatures up close. On the other hand, there are valid arguments against the existence of zoos. Many believe that being kept in enclosures causes the beasts to suffer from stress and boredom. In some places, animals are kept in crowded conditions and mistreated by their handlers. This has led to calls for the banning of zoos and the release of all animals back into the wild.
單字片語整理
Words in Use
●●●●●●vi. 演變；進化/演化；發展為The artist's idea for the masterpiece evolved from a casual conversation with a neighbor.
這名藝術家對這傑作的構想是從他和鄰居一段隨興的對話演變來的。Through months of teamwork, our idea finally evolved into a feasible plan.
藉由數個月的團隊合作，我們的想法終於化為可行的計畫。Our understanding of technology continues to evolve as new innovations emerge.
隨著創新技術的出現，我們對科技的理解持續演變。多益金色英檢中級高中 Level 5●.vt. 像，與⋯⋯相似Kelly closely resembles her mother.
凱莉長得很像她媽媽。=Kelly bears a close resemblance to her mother.
凱莉長得很像她媽媽。=Kelly looks very much like her mother.
凱莉長得很像她媽媽。The two cars resemble each other.
這兩輛車彼此很相像。Your writing resembles your father's.
你的寫作和你父親的很像。Annie resembled her father when she was little but looks like her mother now.
安妮小時候和爸爸很像，但現在像媽媽。多益金色英檢中級高中 Level 4●vt. & vi. 推論，推理n. 原因，理由三態reason / reasoned [ˈriːzənd] / reasoned [ˈriːzənd]I don ’t know the reason for my girlfriend ’s anger.
我不知道我女友生氣的原因。
I don ’t know the reason why my girlfriend is angry.
我不知道我女友生氣的原因。
For some reason, Mr. Brown didn t arrive as scheduled.
不知怎地，布朗先生沒有依約前來。
They reasoned that the boss wouldn't accept the idea.
他們推想老闆不會接受這個主意。
It s important for children to learn to reason.
孩童學習推理是很重要的。
Jack tried to reason with the man, but in vain.
傑克試圖和那名男子講理，但徒勞無功。
高中 Level 1●●●Extra Words
●●menagerie[məˋnædʒərɪ]n. （私人豢養或供公眾觀賞的一群）野生動物●well-off[͵wɛlˋɔf]a. 富裕的●the Age of Enlightenment啟蒙時期●●●●●handler[ˋhændlɚ]n. （尤指）馴狗師●vt. 下令禁止n. 禁令，禁止三態ban / banned [bænd] / banned [bænd]=prohibitThe law bans motor boats from entering within a 10-mile radius of this island.
法律禁止快艇進入這座島嶼周圍半徑 10 英里的範圍內。Most students were unhappy when the school decided to impose a ban on their hairdos.
校方決定對學生的髮型實施禁令時，大部分的學生都很不悅。The government lifted the ban on imported beef from Canada recently.
政府最近取消了從加拿大進口牛肉的禁令。多益藍色英檢中級高中 Level 5●a wall carving牆壁雕刻Practical Phrases
●on display展覽（中），展出（中）The art gallery features contemporary paintings and sculptures on display.
那間藝廊主要展出現代畫作和雕塑。●show off... / show... off展現／顯露出⋯⋯；炫耀⋯⋯Eric showed off his new car to his friends.
艾瑞克向朋友炫耀他的新車。●compare with / to...比較……Compared with my plain boxed meal, Becky’s seemed like a great delicacy.
和我很普通的便當相比，貝琪的便當看起來是山珍海味。●be lacking in缺乏⋯⋯Our project is lacking in funding.
我們的計畫缺乏資金。●up close近距離地●on (the) one hand... on the other (hand)...一方面⋯⋯另一方面⋯⋯debate n. 爭論，辯論；討論
• The debate between the political candidates drew millions of viewers.
那場政治候選人間的辯論吸引了數百萬人觀看。
以下介紹其他表「爭論，討論」的常見單字：
a. debate 尤指兩個不同觀點或立場間的正式對話。
b. discussion 指的是針對某一主題進行
開放、多元的「討論」。
• During the meeting, we had a discussion on how to improve customer satisfaction.
會議中，我們討論了如何改善顧客滿意度。
c. argument 表「論點；爭論」，著重提出自己的想法、觀點，並企圖說服他人或論證。
• It is better to present some examples to support your argument.
呈現一些例子來支持你的論點是比較好的做法。
• Zack and Ted had an endless argument about the design of the logo.
柴克和泰德對於該商標的設計爭論不休。
d. dispute 意指「爭論，糾紛」，常用於
正式的地方且隱含各持己見、爭論不休的意思。
• The company had a pay dispute with its employees after it closed down.
該公司倒閉後跟員工有工資糾紛。
人們對野生動物著迷，而動物園可能是讓有些人能靠近觀察動物的唯一機會。無論是像袋鼠和無尾熊等罕見生物、樹懶和穿山甲等稀奇動物、或甚至是犀牛和紅毛猩猩等瀕危物種，人類很喜歡觀賞展示動物的行為。不過把野生動物圈養在籠子裡並不是新鮮事。古埃及和美索不達米亞的牆壁雕刻證實，首次將動物關在封閉圍欄的作為始於數千年前。之後，各種動物被富人和領導者納為私人藏品（稱作 menagerie）以炫耀自己的財富和權力。
直到啟蒙時代，這項做法才逐漸演變成類似現代的動物園。這是理性、邏輯和科學在歐洲受到高度的重視與尊敬的時代。在這段時期，人們開始因為科學原因而研究動物。早期的動物園將活生生的動物圈養在狹小的有限區域內以供觀察。與現今的動物園比起來，那些地方嚴重缺乏讓動物感到舒適的要件。如今的動物園旨在為動物創造類似自然棲地的環境。
作為動物權益討論的一部分，一直都有許多針對動物園的爭論。一方面，動物園有助於保護物種並透過特殊計畫促進繁殖。動物園也會教育參觀者有關野生動物的一切，並讓人們能近距離看到這些生物。另一方面，也有反對動物園存在的合理論點。許多人認為，被關在封閉的區域內會讓這些野獸有壓力且感到無聊。在某些地方，動物被訓獸師關在擁擠的環境中並遭受虐待。這已經讓人們開始呼籲要禁止動物園並將所有動物釋放回野外。
本篇內容出自《常春藤解析/生活英語雜誌》，
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Brian Foden
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