歷史迴廊 | 本篇為「Premium文章」想看完整文章請訂閱 IVY Engrest!
Back in the 1980s, when World No Tobacco Day was first created, the world was a much different place from how it is now. Although the dangers associated with cigarette smoking were known back then, a much larger percentage of the global population engaged in this harmful activity. To encourage people to quit smoking, the World Health Assembly (WHA) passed a resolution in 1987 that declared April 7, 1988, to be “a world nosmoking day.” People worldwide were encouraged to stop smoking for 24 hours on that day. After that, the WHA declared that the event should occur annually on May 31 and be officially called World No Tobacco Day (WNTD). Since then, the World Health Organization (WHO)—an agency governed by the WHA—has assumed responsibility for this yearly event.
想看更多這類型文章嗎?現在就入會,每週一將收到免費的電子報喔!
入會及綁定LINE再享100元折價券 →
In addition to urging the public to quit smoking and highlighting the risks of smoking, the purpose of WNTD is to inform people about the business practices of tobacco companies. For instance, in 2008, under the theme “Tobacco-free youth,” the WHO emphasized the threat of tobacco promotion to young people and called for a worldwide ban on advertising. In 2023, the focus of the special day was “Grow food, not tobacco,” which was intended to push farmers to grow nutritious crops rather than tobacco.
Each year, the WHO uses the day to promote a wide range of projects aimed at reducing global smoking rates. Despite all these efforts, it is estimated that around eight million people still die annually from the effects of smoking, including 1.3 million deaths from second-hand smoke exposure. Obviously, the WHO’s work is still far from over.
What Did You Learn ?
Bob is determined to kick the habit of drinking too much coffee.
鮑勃下定決心要戒掉喝太多咖啡的習慣。
The two sides engaged in peace talks.
雙方從事和平談判。
Success calls for hard work and some good luck.
成功需要努力和一點好運。
Environmentalists are calling for immediate action to combat global warming.
環保人士呼籲立即採取行動遏止全球暖化。
The situation calls for immediate action.
這種情況需要立即採取行動。
Scientists around the world are calling for water conservation.
世界各地的科學家都在呼籲節約用水。
I'll call for you at seven o'clock.
我七點鐘來接你。
I'll pick you up at seven o'clock.
我七點鐘來接你。
This French course is intended to introduce students to the French language.
這門法文課的用意是為學生介紹法國的語言。
The girl died from head injuries.
這女孩死於腦部創傷。
The poor young man died of lung cancer.
這個可憐的年輕人死於肺癌。
What Elaine said was far from the truth.
伊蓮所說的跟事實相差甚遠。
assume responsibility
擔起責任(亦可寫成 take on responsibility)
Responsibility n. 責任
• In emergencies, medical professionals must assume responsibility for providing immediate assistance.
緊急狀況時,醫療專家得擔起責任,提供立即協助。
以下介紹名詞 responsibility 的搭配用法:
a. have responsibility for... 有⋯⋯的責任
• Store managers have responsibility for ensuring customer satisfaction.
商店經理有確保顧客滿意度的責任。
b. shoulder responsibility 肩負責任
• When faced with setbacks, a leader should shoulder responsibility and find solutions.
面臨挫折時,領袖須肩負起責任、找出解決方法。
c. take responsibility for... 為⋯⋯負責
• The CEO stepped down to take responsibility for financial losses.
該執行長為財務損失而下臺以示負責。
d. exercise responsibility 履行責任
• Leaders in an organization should exercise responsibility for fair decisionmaking.
組織領袖應履行公平決策的責任。
e. It is sb’s responsibility to V ⋯⋯是某人的責任
• It’s the government’s responsibility to ensure public safety.
確保公眾安全是政府的責任。
回到 1980 年代,世界無菸日首次設立,當時的世界與現在大相逕庭。儘管當時人們已經知道吸菸相關的危害,但全球仍有更大比例的人口從事這項有害活動。為了鼓勵人們戒菸,世界衛生大會於 1987 年通過一項決議,宣布1988 年四月七日為「世界禁菸日(a world no-smoking day)」。世界各地的人們都被鼓勵在這一天的二十四小時內停止吸菸。此後,世界衛生大會宣布該活動應於每年的五月三十一日舉行,並正式命名為世界無菸日(World No Tobacco Day)。自此,世界衛生組織 ── 由世界衛生大會所管理的機構 ── 擔負起這項年度活動的責任。
除了敦促民眾戒菸並強調吸菸的風險外,世界無菸日旨在讓人們了解菸草公司的商業行為。例如在 2008 年,世界衛生組織以「無菸青少年」為主題,強調推銷菸草對年輕人的威脅,並呼籲全球禁止廣告。2023 年,這個特殊日子的重點是「種糧食、不種菸草」,旨在鼓勵農民種植營養作物而不是種植菸草。
每年,世界衛生組織都會利用這一天來推廣各式各樣旨在降低全球吸菸率的計畫。儘管投入了所有這些努力,但根據估計,每年仍有約八百萬人死於吸菸的影響,其中一百三十萬人是因接觸二手菸而逝世。顯然,世界衛生組織的工作離結束還遠著呢。
參考答案
1. To encourage people to quit smoking.
2. 2008.