新聞英語
The New York Times has launched a legal fight against OpenAI and Microsoft, accusing their AI chatbots, ChatGPT and Copilot, of unfairly benefiting from the newspaper’s work. The lawsuit claims that millions of The New York Times’ articles were used to train the AI tools without permission. This allowed the chatbots to imitate the newspaper’s voice and style.
The lawsuit argues that this unauthorized training poses several threats to The New York Times’ business model. Chatbots trained on their news stories can potentially create articles in the newspaper’s style. Readers might turn to AI for news summaries instead of subscribing to The New York Times. AI tools could also cut into the money that the newspaper charges other media outlets for use of their content. Additionally, ad revenue, which heavily depends on website traffic, could be impacted if readers shift towards AI news sources.
OpenAI disagreed with the lawsuit. It claimed its use of copyrighted material falls under fair use, a legal rule that allows for limited use of content without permission, but only for specific purposes like criticism or research. It further argued that its use of the articles meets the “transformativeness” requirement of fair use, as the AI programs created something new and different from the original work. Moreover, the company emphasized its opt-out mechanism for content creators, which offers them the choice to keep their work out of the AI training data.
This legal battle between The New York Times and these technology giants marks a potential turning point in the changing world of copyright and AI development. The result will likely influence the media landscape and help set legal boundaries for how AI companies can use existing content.
| 1. What do we learn from the passage? (A) OpenAI is working with Microsoft to train AI. (B) Copilot has used more news articles than ChatGPT. (C) The New York Times is considering withdrawing the lawsuit. (D) How the legal fight turns out might change the news industry. |
| 2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “unauthorized” in the second paragraph? (A) Updated. (B) Upgraded. (C) Unapproved. (D) Unpublished. |
| 3. According to the passage, how did OpenAI respond to the lawsuit? (A) It decided to introduce a new policy. (B) It called for more laws to define proper use. (C) It said it would possibly sue The New York Times. (D) It stressed that creators could choose not to share their work. |
To launch a legal demonstration, you must first obtain permission from the local government.
想要發起合法遊行,你們得先向地方政府申請許可。
The space shuttle exploded soon after it was launched.
太空梭發射不久後便爆炸了。
The troops launched missiles at the battleground, causing heavy casualties.
軍隊朝戰場發射了幾枚飛彈,造成嚴重的傷亡。
Emma plans to launch her new novel next year.
艾瑪計劃在明年推出新的小說。
The author herself will show up at the book launch ceremony.
作家本人會在她的新書發表會上現身。
The astronauts were strapped in before the launch.
太空人在火箭發射前繫好安全帶。
Don't try to shift the blame to me.
不要試圖把責任推到我身上。
What can I do to shift my son's attention from computer games to his studies?
我該怎麼做才能把我兒子的注意力從電動玩具轉移到課業上?
I work on the night shift this week.
我這星期輪夜班。
The invention of the internet caused a major shift in human communication.
網路的發明使得人類的溝通方式產生重大轉變。
The new tax law has been the subject of criticism recently.
這條新稅法最近成為爭議的話題。
This magazine is famous for its literary criticism.
這本雜誌因為它的文學評論而出名。
This magazine is famous for its literary comments.
這本雜誌因為它的文學評論而出名。
Flora tries to view criticism as an opportunity for growth, not as a personal attack.
芙蘿拉試著將批評視為成長的機會,而不是人身攻擊。
There are many beautiful landscapes in that area.
該地區有許多美麗的風景。
I have asked a professional to landscape our garden.
我請一名專業人士來設計自家花園的景觀。
Remote work has changed the employment landscape in recent years.
遠距工作近年來改變了就業環境的樣貌。
Exercise provides people with an outlet for negative emotions and built-up stress.
運動提供大家一個宣洩負面情緒和累積壓力的管道。
The company has nearly 30 retail outlets in Taiwan alone.
這家公司光是在臺灣就有近30處的零售據點。
Frank spends most of his spare time shopping at the outlet mall.
法蘭克大部分空閒的時間都在打折暢貨中心購物。
Several international news outlets reported the incident within minutes of it happening.
數家國際新聞媒體機構在該事件發生後幾分鐘內就報導了此事。
The copyright on the book had expired, so anyone could use it in any way they wanted.
這本書的著作權到期了,所以任何人都可以用任何他們想要的形式使用這本書。
In the United States, one good way to copyright
material is to register it with the Library of Congress.
在美國,取得素材版權的一項好方法是到國會圖書館註冊。
This watch is equipped with a delicate timing mechanism.
這只手錶配備有精細的計時機械裝置。
Government officials are setting up new mechanisms to help the unemployed.
政府官員正在建立新制度來幫助失業民眾。
Government officials are setting up new mechanisms for helping the unemployed.
政府官員正在建立新制度來幫助失業民眾。
A feeling of physical pain serves as a natural defense mechanism.
肉體的痛覺是天生的防衛機制。
Everyone will benefit from the new road.
那條新路會造福每個人。
Local restaurants benefited from the increase in tourists.
當地餐廳受益於遊客數增加。
Global warming is posing a threat to human survival.
全球暖化正對人類生存構成威脅。
The unexpected car repairs cut into our vacation budget.
意外的車輛修繕讓我們假期的預算減少了。
Whether the picnic can be held or not depends on the weather.
野餐能否舉行取決於天氣。
The design of the system allows for secure transactions.
那個系統的設計使得交易能夠安全地進行。
The teacher we just interviewed seems to meet all requirements.
我們剛剛面試的那位老師似乎符合所有的要求。
It’s hard for Michael to meet the requirements of the job.
對麥可而言,符合這工作的需求很難。
sue vt. 控告,起訴
sue sb for... 因⋯⋯而控告/起訴某人
• The environmental group sued the oil company for polluting the river.
該環保組織控告石油公司,因其汙染河流。
sue、accuse、charge 這三個動詞都與「控告,指控」相關,但各自的含義和使用情境有所不同:
a. sue 尤指通過法律程序向另一方索賠或賠償,通常發生在民事訴訟中。
b. accuse用在「指控」或「指責」另一個人犯有錯誤或犯罪行為,強調的是對某人行為的指控,但並不一定涉及正式的法律程序。
accuse sb of...
指控某人做了⋯⋯壞事/犯下⋯⋯罪行
• Some of Jim’s colleagues accused him of stealing office supplies.
吉姆的一些同事指控他偷了辦公室用品。
• Cindy accused her classmates of spreading rumors.
辛蒂指控同學散布謠言。
c. charge常用在刑事案件中,警方正式「控告」或「指控」某人犯有罪行。
charge sb with... 控告某人犯下⋯⋯罪
• The police charged the suspect with theft.
警方控告該名嫌犯偷竊。
近義字 prosecute:
d. prosecute 用在刑事訴訟中,通常指檢察官或法務機關正式「起訴」犯罪嫌疑人,並將
該案件帶入法庭進行審理。
prosecute sb for... 因⋯⋯起訴某人
• After investigators found enough evidence, the man was prosecuted for murder.
調查人員找到充足證據後,該男子因謀殺被起訴。
《紐約時報》對 OpenAI 和微軟發起法律訴訟,指控其人工智慧聊天機器人 ChatGPT 和 Copilot 不當得利於《紐約時報》的著作。該訴訟指稱《紐約時報》的數百萬篇文章未經許可便被用來訓練那些人工智慧工具。這讓那些聊天機器人能夠模仿《紐約時報》的口吻和風格。
該訴訟宣稱這種未經允許的訓練對《紐約時報》的商業模式構成了多種威脅。用《紐約時報》報導文章訓練過的聊天機器人有可能會用該報的風格創作文章。讀者可能會轉而使用人工智慧以獲取新聞摘要,而不訂閱《紐約時報》。人工智慧工具也可能導致《紐約時報》向其他媒體機構收取的內容使用費減少。此外,如果讀者轉而投入人工智慧新聞來源的懷抱,嚴重依賴網站流量的廣告收入可能會受到影響。
OpenAI 反駁該訴訟。OpenAI 聲稱其使用受版權保護的素材落在合理使用的範疇內,合理使用是一項法律規則,可在未經許可的情況下有限地使用內容,但僅限於評論或研究等特定目的。OpenAI 進一步宣稱,使用這些文章符合合理使用的「轉化性」條件,因為該人工智慧程式創造了一些與原始作品不同的新東西。此外,該公司還強調其擁有內容創作者可選擇退出的機制,這使創作者可以選擇將自己的作品排除在人工智慧訓練資料之外。
《紐約時報》與這些科技巨頭之間的這場法律戰可能是不斷變化的版權界和人工智慧發展的轉捩點。結果可能會影響媒體情勢,且有助於設下法律界線,界定人工智慧公司如何使用現有內容。
| 1. 從本文中我們得知何事? (A) OpenAI 正與微軟合作訓練 AI。 (B) Copilot 比 ChatGPT 使用更多新聞文章。 (C) 《紐約時報》正在考慮撤回訴訟。 (D) 法律戰的結果可能會如何改變新聞業界。 |
| 2. 下列哪一詞與第二段的 “unauthorized” 意思最接近? (A) 更新的。 (B) 升級的。 (C) 未被允許的。 (D) 未出版的。 題解: 第一段提到《紐約時報》的文章未經許可便被用來訓練人工智慧,可知第二段的 this unauthorized training 指的便是「未經允許的」訓練,故答案選 (C)。 |
| 3. 根據本文,OpenAI 對該訴訟作何反應? (A) 其決定推出一項新政策。 (B) 其呼籲制定更多法律來定義適當使用。 (C) 其表示可能會告《紐約時報》。 (D) 其強調創作者可以選擇不分享他們的作品。 |
答案: 1 D 2 C 3 D
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