



自從四月底台灣疫情大爆發(outbreak),許多企業、政府與學校機關單位都開始調整運作模式以因應大環境的快速變化,而「在家上班」(work from home, WFH)或「遠端辦公」(remote working)也成為近期熱門趨勢,讓台灣人的生活型態在短短一兩個月內大幅轉型。為了要維持工作正常進行,每間公司對遠距視訊會議(video conference)的需求也隨之提升。今天就來認識英語中常出現的遠端會議相關用法吧!

Image by Brian Cragun from Pixabay
平常在職場常聽到有人說:「我晚點有個康扣(con-call)」,多半指「我晚點有個視訊會議」,但照字面上解釋,conference call應該只能稱「電話會議」,而真正透過影像或影片的視訊會議則會用video conference,而以上這些都包括在teleconferencing的範疇中,其形態是透過聲音、影像、影片、電視或電腦等媒介進行的遠端/遠距會議。
字首有「tele-」的詞彙,含有「透過遠距離傳送」的含意(即far, operating over distance),和我們先前認知與「電、電信」有關的意思有點出入,所以目前常說的「遠距/遠端工作」,除了remote working,還可以說是telecommuting或teleworking。
The outbreak of Covid-19 in May dramatically shifted working patterns as Taiwan was forced to embrace telecommuting overnight; the use of teleconferencing has subsequently surged.
(五月Covid-19的爆發,迫使台灣一夕之間工作型態戲劇性地轉型成遠端工作;而遠端會議的使用也隨之激增。)
在多益測驗中,描述數據或現象趨勢,常需要用到「增加」與「減少」的相關詞,波動幅度較大的「急速增加」用字,包括surge、soar、skyrocket與shoot up等;而相反「急速減少」的用字有decline、dive、plunge、plummet等字。
The unstable condition has caused Taiwan’s equity market to plummet and soar irregularly.
(不穩定的情況導致台灣股市無規則地暴跌暴漲。)
Teleconferencing的使用型態與目的不同,對企業或組織的好處見仁見智。以下簡列三項好處:
1. The reduced travel time and cost can help decrease business overhead.
(減少的移動時間與成本有助於降低經常性開銷。)
撙節成本(cost savings)與增加生產力(boosting productivity)的策略,都是業界提高其利潤率的守則。overhead (n) 為「經常費用」,如房租或水電等公用事業費或輔助行政人員的經常性經營管理費用,移動交通費用travel expenditures即包括其內。
2. Teleconferencing can technically keep all team members geographically separated in the loop.
(遠端會議可以技術性地使位在不同區域的所有團隊成員都得知相關資訊與最新進度。)
這項好處是使合作更有效率(streamline collaboration),也可改善溝通(improve communication)。keep someone in the loop常使用在商用書信中,意指「讓某人得知相關資訊與最新進度」。亦可用keep someone posted / updated。
3. The mobility and flexibility offered by teleconferencing can improve employee retention.
(遠端會議提供的移動性和靈活性可以提高員工留任率。)
員工留任(employee retention)在企業經營裡與員工流失(staff turnover)是相對的,一旦員工流失後,其所產生的軟成本(soft costs),如生產力(productivity)降低、培訓成本(training cost)等都會提高。
優缺一體,遠距會議當然也有對應出的缺點。
1. Network instability and time lag are inevitable.
(網絡不穩定和時間差是不可避免的。)
stability (n) 表「穩定性」,字首「sta-」意指「固定(set)」,前面再加上「in」即表示否定概念。lag (n) 表「落後」,也可以當作動詞使用,其形容詞laggy,可用來描述電腦、電腦遊戲、網路「反應慢」。
當碰到軟硬體問題時,統稱為「技術問題」(technical issues),正式會議多半都會有工程師立即替與會人員進行「故障排除」(troubleshooting)。
2. The allocation of expenses in basic equipment and training is required.
(基礎設備和培訓費用的分配是必要的。)
allocation (n) 表「分配、分派」,字首「al-」具有「朝向、變化」的含義。在金融字彙上常見的asset allocation,即指依照個人對風險的承受度,將股票(equities or stocks)、固定收益產品或債券(fixed income or bonds)、現金(cash equivalents)此三類個人資本進行「資產配置」。
3. There are always cyber risks in using anything connected to the Internet.
(使用任何連接到網路的東西總有網路風險。)
這邊提到的是關於網路安全(cyber security)中的資訊安全(information security)問題,一般包括防止未經授權資訊的存取(unauthorized access)、透露(disclosure)、破壞(destruction)等。
若有遠端會議狀況發生,大多是與網路連接、畫面、聲音有關,非技術人員的我們,只要學會下面三句,就可輕易表達出半數以上的technical issues讓與會人員知道狀況。
1. The connection is breaking up / dropping / lagging.
(網路連線斷斷續續。)
2. My laptop / screen is frozen.
(電腦當掉/畫面卡住。)
3. There is static / interference / echo on your / my end.
(有雜訊/干擾/回音。)
最後,分析至此,不論利弊,遠距的工作與新的數位生活型態似乎已成型,套一句老話:There’s no going back(沒有回頭路了),我們只要準備好面對挑戰,就會「疫」起挺過來。
多益模擬試題
1. Reducing overhead costs usually ______ profit margins and boosts the bottom line.
(A) erodes
(B) increases
(C) reduces
(D) squeezes
2. Without thorough preparation, the WFH era could make businesses more ______ to cyberattacks.
(A) anonymous
(B) confidential
(C) unauthorized
(D) vulnerable
解析:
1. 正解(B)。語意為「降低經常性費用通常會增加淨利率並提升利潤。」只要知道overhead costs的意思,即可從語意推論出答案為(B)。其他三個選項(A)侵蝕、(C)降低、(D)壓縮,皆可搭配profit margins,但語意完全相反。
the bottom line指的是財務損益表上最下面一行的最後一個數字,即盈虧的數目,數字下面會畫下雙橫線,也就是整張表的最底線。因此the bottom line有「利潤」的意思。
2. 正解(D)。語意為「若無充分準備,WFH時代可能會導致企業更容易受到網路攻擊。」正解(D) vulnerable表示「有弱點、難防守的」,與介係詞to搭配。其他三個選項(A)來源不明的、(C)機密的、(D)未經授權的,此三字雖與題幹語意不符,但多出現在網路資安的文章中,值得一學。
文/陳涵瑋
延伸閱讀
No gas station can be found in such a remote town.
在如此偏遠的小鎮,一間加油站都找不到。
Aunt Susan is a remote relative of mine.
蘇珊姑媽是我的遠親。
There’s not even a remote chance that Porter will pass the driving test. He’s color-blind.
波特要考到駕照根本是機會渺茫。他是個色盲。
The team used a remote system to control the machine.
團隊使用遠端系統來控制那臺機器。
We stayed at home watching a video last night.
我們昨晚待在家裡看錄影帶。
Many families own a video camera today.
現今很多家庭都擁有一臺攝影機。
The video part of the TV program was clear, but the audio quality was poor.
這個電視節目的影像部分很清楚,但音質卻很差。
Do you mind if I video the whole lecture?
您介意我錄下整場講課嗎?
Don't try to shift the blame to me.
不要試圖把責任推到我身上。
What can I do to shift my son's attention from computer games to his studies?
我該怎麼做才能把我兒子的注意力從電動玩具轉移到課業上?
I work on the night shift this week.
我這星期輪夜班。
The invention of the internet caused a major shift in human communication.
網路的發明使得人類的溝通方式產生重大轉變。
The weather patterns in this area have remained the same for the past 10 years.
該區的天氣型態在過去 10 年內都維持不變。
My brother would never wear clothes with floral patterns.
我哥絕對不會穿有花朵圖案的衣服。
Sally’s wedding dress is patterned after the one her grandmother wore.
莎莉的婚紗是仿照她奶奶曾穿的婚紗所設計的。
I’ll pattern myself after my mother and become a
French teacher.
我要以母親為榜樣,當個法文老師。
The mother embraced her baby, tenderly coaxing it to sleep.
母親溫柔地擁抱著寶寶,哄他入睡。
When Patricia saw her good friend Herman on the street, they embraced.
派翠西亞在街上遇到好友赫曼時,他們抱了一下。
The young couple held each other in a long embrace, apparently losing all track of time.
這對年輕情侶久久地摟抱著彼此,似乎忘了時間流逝。
We should embrace this opportunity to learn new skills and adapt to the changing market. 我們應該擁抱這個機會去學習新的技能,以及適應不斷變化的市場。
The lottery winner became a millionaire overnight.
這名樂透得主一夕之間成了百萬富翁。
I stayed at my friend’s house overnight doing homework.
我整晚待在我朋友家做功課。
After Phoebe released that song, she became an overnight star.
菲比發行了那首歌之後,一夕之間成了明星。
I am taking the overnight train to Moscow.
我要搭夜班火車去莫斯科。
The boy group's popularity grew overnight after the dance challenge video was posted.
舞蹈挑戰的影片一發布,那個男團的人氣一夜間大增。
Adrenalin surges when one feels one's life is in great danger.
當人覺得生命受到很大威脅時,腎上腺素便會激增。
Many families are affected by the recent surge in food prices.
最近食物價格大漲,許多家庭都受到影響。
When my favorite band appeared on stage, I felt a surge of excitement and couldn’t resist screaming!
我最喜歡的樂團出現在舞臺上時,我感到異常興奮,忍不住尖叫了起來!
Angelina felt a surge of fury and hung up on Frank.
安潔莉娜突然一陣怒火上來,掛了法蘭克電話。
Protesters attempted to surge through the gates but were stopped by the police.
抗議群眾試圖湧進大門內,但被警察擋下了。
Now that summer is coming, local folks are expecting a surge of visitors from all over the world.
由於夏日將至,當地人都引頸期待即將由世界各地湧入的觀光客
Bob declined to join Judy's dinner party.
鮑伯婉拒出席茱蒂的晚宴派對。
I offered to give Tina a ride after the party, but she declined.
舞會結束後我提議讓蒂娜搭便車,但她婉拒了。
Car sales declined by 5% in the second quarter.
汽車銷售量在第 2 季下降了 5%。
Street violence seems to have been on the decline ever since the new mayor was sworn in.
新市長上任後,街頭暴力事件似乎已在減少中。
The lifeguard plunged / jumped into the river and saved the drowning boy.
救生員跳入河中,救起即將溺斃的男孩。
Lilly decided to take the plunge and set up a design
studio of her own.
莉莉決定放手一搏,要成立自己的設計工作室。
During COVID-19, Bill expected housing prices to plunge, but they stayed about the same.
新冠肺炎期間,比爾預期房價會驟跌,但房價仍維持不變。
The second-hand car is still in excellent condition.
這輛二手車的車況仍相當不錯。
I can lend you the money on the condition that you pay it back on time.
你若準時還錢,我就借給你。
Many people have been conditioned to believe that men should not cry.
很多人已經習慣地認為男人不應該哭。
The hospital specializes in treating a rare heart condition that affects young adults.
這家醫院專門治療一種影響年輕成人的罕見心臟疾病。
Ron’s carelessness caused the accident.
榮恩的粗心大意釀成了這起意外。
The sad movie caused me to cry.
那部傷感的電影讓我哭了出來。
The sad movie made me cry.
那部傷感的電影讓我哭了出來。
What was the cause of the explosion?
那起爆炸的原因是什麼?
The concert was terrific―I had no cause for complaint.
音樂會精彩極了 — 我沒有理由可以抱怨。
The flood caused damage to dozens of homes, and many people were left homeless.
那場洪水造成數十間房屋損毀,許多人落得無家可歸。
The collaborations between John Lennon and Paul McCartney produced some of the best songs in rock and roll history.
約翰•藍儂和保羅•麥卡尼間的合作產出了一些搖滾樂史上最棒的歌曲。
The company, in collaboration with many experienced software developers, has created several great apps that have become popular.
這間公司和許多有經驗的軟體開發商合作,已創造出一些很棒且受歡迎的應用程式。
Native Americans used smoke signals as means of communication.
美國原住民過去用煙幕訊號作為聯絡的方式。
My sister studied communications at university.
我姊姊念大學時曾修傳播學。
Lack of communication may lead to problems in relationships.
缺乏溝通可能會造成人際關係上的問題。
The teacher encourages open communication in class.
老師鼓勵在課堂上開放式的溝通。
Traveling by train is fast and comfortable in this country because of its efficient rail network.
因為這國家的鐵路網很有效率,坐火車旅遊既快速又舒適。
Robert will connect your computer to the network.
羅伯特會把你的電腦連接上網路。
Ask Stephen whether he has networked the computers to the server.
問史蒂芬他有沒有把電腦連接到伺服器了。
Annie attends those events to network with lots of different people.
安妮參加那些活動是為了和許多不同的人來打交道。
You’re the one who wanted to go on a long hike, so don’t lag behind and complain.
是你說要走這一大段路的,所以不要落後也不要抱怨。
There was a long lag between two of our flights, but generally, the trip was pleasant.
我們兩段航程之間有一段很長等待的時間,但大致而言,整個行程很愉快。
I have jet lag because I just arrived here after a 15-hour flight from New York.
我現在有時差,因為我從紐約飛了 15 個小時剛到這裡。
The issue of sexual discrimination in the office was widely discussed during the meeting.
會議中辦公室性別歧視的議題被廣泛討論。
Susan took issue with Peter over who should be responsible for the mistake.
針對誰應對這個錯負責,蘇珊與彼得有所爭論。
What is at issue now is when we should deal with the problem.
現在受爭議的問題是,我們應要何時處理這個問題。
The latest issue of Vogue magazine featured an interview with Gal Gadot.
最新一期的《時尚》雜誌特刊出蓋兒•加朵的專訪。
The government has issued a large number of booklets to explain its new policies.
政府發行很多手冊來解釋它的新政策。
Stock prices fell due to rumors of a company merger.
因為公司合併的傳聞甚囂塵上,股價便下跌了。
I’m sorry, but we no longer have that book in stock.
很抱歉,那本書我們現在沒有貨。
We have a huge stock of quality sportswear on sale.
我們庫存了許多質料不錯的運動休閒服來賣。
We have a good stock of snacks in the cupboard― please help yourself.
我們的櫥櫃裡儲備了很多零食 ⸺ 請自取。
This shop stocks a wide range of outdoor equipment.
這家店備有多種的戶外用品。
There’s a typhoon coming, so we should stock up on bottled water.
颱風要來了,所以我們要多囤積些瓶裝水。
Parents shouldn't run the risk of leaving their children alone.
父母不應冒讓小孩獨處的風險。
The soldier risked his life trying to save his friend.
那位士兵冒著生命危險,企圖拯救他的朋友。
Jane's father warns her not to risk traveling alone.
珍的爸爸警告她不要冒險獨自去旅行。
Rita's mistake put her children at risk.
莉塔犯的錯使她的孩子遭受危險。
The only means of access to the building is along a muddy track.
沿著一條泥濘小路是到那棟大樓的唯一途徑。
Students in this school have easy access to the lab.
該校的學生可隨時使用實驗室。
You need a card to access the building at night.
晚上時,你需要用一張卡來進入那棟建築。
Every time I access this file, my computer crashes.
每當我要讀取這個檔案時,我的電腦就會當機。
The new trail provides easier access to the waterfall.
這條新步道讓通往瀑布的路線更為便利。
The disclosure of the senator’s scandal has
ruined his reputation.
該參議員的醜聞被揭露使他身敗名裂。
The sensational disclosures about the finance
minister’s extramarital affair have embarrassed his
political party, and he has been forced to resign.
財政部長婚外情的聳動消息被披露,其所屬的政黨臉上無
光,他因而被迫辭職。
The words on the screen are too small. Can you enlarge them a little bit?
螢幕的字太小了。你能不能稍微放大一點?
Nurse Mandy pulled a screen around the hospital bed.
曼蒂護士在病床周圍拉起了屏風。
Don’t forget to close the screen door!
別忘了關上紗門!
The club strictly screens all their candidates.
那家俱樂部嚴格篩選所有的申請人。
Mary was forced to retire from teaching due to ill health.
瑪麗因為健康不佳而被迫從教職退休。
No problem. I will keep you in the loop.
沒問題,我會保持與你聯繫讓你知道事情進展。
Because she was not in the loop, Monica didn’t know much about what was going on in the company.
因為莫妮卡不是決策圈內人士,所以不太清楚公司內發生了什麼事。
I will ask my assistant to keep me posted on the sales while I am away on a business trip.
當我出差時,我會要求我的助理隨時通知我銷售的最新情況。
This case is rather urgent. Please keep me updated if you get any news from your development team.
這個案件比較急,如果您從開發團隊得到任何消息,請隨時通知我。
Tom's bad mood is connected to not getting enough sleep.
湯姆的壞心情與睡眠不足有關。
恭喜答對獲得 熊贈點 1點
.jpg)