健康百科 |本集 精彩教學影片(講解老師:Shane& Betty 老師)
Do you feel uncomfortable when you see images of sunflowers or sponges? If so, you might have trypophobia. It is an unusual fear of groups of small holes that up to 20% of people around the world may experience.
When these people look at images that contain large numbers of small holes, they react in negative ways. Their heart rates might increase. They may also feel nauseous, sweaty, or itchy. In some cases, people can have serious panic attacks. Some people report that the feeling is almost the same as when someone scratches their nails down a blackboard. Scientists are not exactly sure what causes it. One theory suggests that humans evolved to fear these patterns of holes because they are often found on poisonous animals and foods.Based on this idea, trypophobia is our brain’s way of warning us of danger.
Other experts believe trypophobia doesn’t serve any purpose. They argue that trypophobia isn’t caused by evolution. They think it started because people have been conditioned to fear these images after seeing them on the internet. Until more studies are carried out, the debate about whether trypophobia is a fear people learn or are born with is likely to go on.
Scientists have always been curious about outer space.
科學家對於外太空始終充滿好奇。
It was curious that my talkative brother was so quiet today.
我那很愛說話的弟弟今天這麼安靜真的是很奇怪。
The cat made a curious noise that I had never heard before.
這隻貓咪發出了我從未聽過的奇怪聲音。
The rate of unemployment has been rising in recent years.
近年來的失業率逐漸上升。
This resort is rated as the most beautiful place in the country.
這個觀光勝地被評為該國最美的地方。
At any rate, their performance did not live up to our expectations.
無論如何,他們的表現並不如我們所預期。
The country's population is growing at a slow rate.
該國的人口以緩慢的速度成長。
The doctor checked Gary's heart rate.
醫生檢查了蓋瑞的心率。
The weather patterns in this area have remained the same for the past 10 years.
該區的天氣型態在過去 10 年內都維持不變。
My brother would never wear clothes with floral patterns.
我哥絕對不會穿有花朵圖案的衣服。
Sally’s wedding dress is patterned after the one her grandmother wore.
莎莉的婚紗是仿照她奶奶曾穿的婚紗所設計的。
I’ll pattern myself after my mother and become a
French teacher.
我要以母親為榜樣,當個法文老師。
The second-hand car is still in excellent condition.
這輛二手車的車況仍相當不錯。
I can lend you the money on the condition that you pay it back on time.
你若準時還錢,我就借給你。
Many people have been conditioned to believe that men should not cry.
很多人已經習慣地認為男人不應該哭。
The hospital specializes in treating a rare heart condition that affects young adults.
這家醫院專門治療一種影響年輕成人的罕見心臟疾病。
If you scratch my back, I'll scratch yours.
如果你抓我的背,我也會抓你的。⸺諺語,喻如果你幫助我,我也會幫助你。
It's only a scratch. It'll heal very soon.
這只是抓傷而已。它很快就會好了。
The old man built his business up from scratch.
老先生白手起家,創立了他的事業。
The sound of scratching makes Emma uncomfortable.
刮擦聲讓艾瑪覺得不舒服。
The artist's idea for the masterpiece evolved from a casual conversation with a neighbor.
這名藝術家對這傑作的構想是從他和鄰居一段隨興的對話演變來的。
Through months of teamwork, our idea finally evolved into a feasible plan.
藉由數個月的團隊合作,我們的想法終於化為可行的計畫。
Our understanding of technology continues to evolve as new innovations emerge.
隨著創新技術的出現,我們對科技的理解持續演變。
We learned about Darwin's theory of evolution in today’s biology class.
我們在今天的生物課學了達爾文的進化論。
The twentieth century witnessed the evolution of computer technology.
二十世紀見證了電腦科技的進展。
Researchers explained how climate change influences the evolution of desert animals.
研究人員說明氣候變遷如何影響沙漠動物的演化。
The traffic sign was set to warn drivers of heavy fog in this area.
該交通標誌是設置來警告駕駛此區域有濃霧。
The sign warns drivers of a closed road ahead.
該標誌警告駕駛前方道路封閉。
The war is likely to go on for years.
這場戰爭很有可能將持續多年。
After cleaning the table, Jennifer went on to do the dishes.
珍妮佛清理桌子後,接著便洗碗筷。
♦ until 的用法
until 表「直到⋯⋯」,可作副詞連接詞或介詞,用法如下:
1. 作副詞連接詞,其後接子句形成副詞子句,修飾主要子句。(本文第三段中的用法)
例: Until you can make ends meet, I suggest that you stop using your credit cards.
在到你能達到收支平衡之前,我建議你別刷信用卡。
2.作介詞,後面接某個時間點或與時間相關的字詞。
例: On weekends, Dave sleeps until noon.
在週末,戴夫會睡到中午。
★補充用法:
1.until 用於肯定句時,主要子句的動詞為「持續的動作」,表「某個動作持續到⋯⋯為止」。
例: The little girl kept crying until she fell asleep.
這小女孩一直哭直到她睡著為止。
2.until 用於否定句(not... until...)時,主要子句的動詞為「 瞬間或短暫性的動作」,表「直到⋯⋯才開始某個動作」。
例: The artist didn’t rest until he finished the painting.
這名畫家直到完成畫作才休息。
請依文意選出最適當的一個選項
❶ What information is NOT included in the article?
(A) What trypophobia is.
(B) How common trypophobia is.
(C) What probably causes trypophobia.
(D) How to treat trypophobia.
❷ Which of the following might bring about trypophobia?
(A) Being in total darkness.
(B) Seeing cheese with holes.
(C) Hearing loud noises.
(D) Feeling completely alone.
答案: 1. D 2. B
看到一堆小小的洞可能會讓你大驚失色。
當你看到向日葵或海綿的圖片時會感到不適嗎?如果會的話,你或許有密集恐懼症。這是一種對成群的微小孔洞產生的不尋常恐懼,全世界多達 20% 的人可能會經歷這種恐懼。
當這些人看到有大量小孔洞的圖像時,他們的反應是負面的。他們的心率可能會加快。他們也可能會感到噁心、冒汗或身體發癢。在某些情況下,人們或許會有嚴重的恐慌症。有些人表示這種感覺幾乎與有人用指甲刮黑板的感覺相同。科學家並不確定引發它的原因。有一種理論認為,人類演化成會害怕這些孔洞圖案,因為這些圖案經常出現在有毒的動物和食物上。依據這個想法,密集恐懼症是我們大腦警告我們有危險的方式。
其他專家相信密集恐懼症並沒有起任何作用。他們主張密集恐懼症不是演化造成的。他們認為會引發這種恐懼是因為人們在網路上看到這些圖像後,就習慣要害怕它們。在進行更多研究之前,關於密集恐懼症是習得的還是與生俱來的恐懼之爭論將持續下去。
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