



111年升大學學測英文試題
五、閱讀測驗(占 24 分) 說明︰ 第 35 題至第 46 題,每題 2 分。
第 39 至 42 題為題組
A hard hat is a helmet used mostly at worksites to protect the head from injuries due to falling objects. Since its introduction in the early 20th century, the headgear has saved countless lives and is considered the number one safety tool for construction workers.
The hard hat was invented in 1919 by Edward W. Bullard, who had just returned from World War I. Before the war, workers used to smear their hats with coal tar for protection of their head. Bullard, having witnessed the life-saving power of the metal helmet in the War, decided to produce a head protection device that was affordable for every worker and lightweight enough to be worn all day long. The Hard Boiled Hat was thus born, using steamed canvas and leather, covered with black paint, and featuring a suspension system to reduce impact. Soon, hard hats became widely used. The headgear was later made mandatory at construction sites in major construction projects, such as the Hoover Dam in 1931 and the Golden Gate Bridge in 1933.
Over the past century, hard hats have advanced considerably, evolving from canvas and leather to aluminum, fiberglass, and, eventually, to thermoplastic. Recently, new models have been introduced and accessories added to meet the needs of laborers working on various job sites. For instance, a ventilated hard hat was developed to keep wearers cooler, and see-through face shields were attached to better see the hazards lurking above. Today, attachments include radios, sensors, cameras, and a lot more. A common color code has also been developed for recognizing people and their roles on site. Yellow is used for general laborers and contractors, white (or sometimes black) for supervisors and managers, and green for inspectors and new workers.
New products continue to expand the market. Global sales of hard hats totaled USD 2.1 billion in 2016, and are expected to reach USD 3.19 billion in 2025.
39. Which of the following aspects about hard hats is NOT discussed in the passage?
(A) Their functions.
(B) Their appearances.
(C) Their materials.
(D) Their limitations.
40. In what order did the following protective hats appear?
a. fiberglass hats
b. hats with see-through shields
c. hats with canvas and leather
d. hats with tar over them
(A) d→c→a→b (B) c→d→b→a (C) c→b→a→d (D) d→c→b→a
41. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about the hard hat?
(A) Global sales have doubled every ten years.
(B) The inspiration came from the inventor's wartime experience.
(C) It was standard equipment for construction workers in the 1920s.
(D) Different colors are used in different industries to signal the roles of people on site.
42. Which of the following words are used in the passage to refer to the hard hat?
a. tool
b. code
c. device
d. helmet
e. accessory
f. headgear
(A) a, b, d, e (B) a, c, d, f (C) c, d, e, f (D) a, d, e, f
題組翻譯及選項解析如下:
After introductions were through, we started the meeting.
介紹完畢後,我們便開會了。
I’d like to ask Mr. Smith to write me a letter of
introduction.
我想請史密斯先生幫我寫一封介紹信。
Doctor Beck encouraged the introduction of new
medical treatments.
貝克醫生鼓勵引進新的醫療方法。
Before reading a book, you can usually get its main idea in the introduction.
在你讀一本書之前,通常可以在引言中了解到這本書的主旨。
I bought a canvas bag for Serene as her birthday present.
我買了一個帆布袋給瑟琳做生日禮物。
The museum has a collection of canvases by Salvador Dali.
博物館收藏了若干薩爾瓦多•達利的帆布畫作。
To save money, the shelter was made by canvassing over a wooden frame.
為了省錢,這個棲身處是用帆布蓋在木頭架上搭建而成。
The government ordered an immediate
suspension of all beef imports from that country
after the outbreak of the disease.
那個國家爆發疫情之後,政府立刻下令中止從該國進口任何
牛肉。
The mechanic knew right away that there was a
problem with the car’s front suspension.
修車技師馬上就知道是汽車的前懸架有問題。
The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco is a famous
suspension bridge which attracts a huge number of
tourists every year.
舊金山的金門大橋是座著名的吊橋,每年都吸引大量的觀光
客來訪。
The artist's idea for the masterpiece evolved from a casual conversation with a neighbor.
這名藝術家對這傑作的構想是從他和鄰居一段隨興的對話演變來的。
Through months of teamwork, our idea finally evolved into a feasible plan.
藉由數個月的團隊合作,我們的想法終於化為可行的計畫。
Our understanding of technology continues to evolve as new innovations emerge.
隨著創新技術的出現,我們對科技的理解持續演變。
Gina's accessories matched her purple silk gown perfectly.
吉娜的配件和她的紫色絲質禮服極為相襯。
The boutique around the corner sells jewelry and other fashion accessories.
街角那家精品店販售珠寶和其他的流行時尚配件。
Liver, a kind of accessory organ, helps the digestive system work properly, but doesn't get access to food.
肝臟是一種輔助器官,它可以幫助消化系統正常運作,但並沒有接觸到食物。
A total of seven players left the team.
總共有 7 名選手離開球隊。
Seven players left the team in total.
總共有 7 名選手離開球隊。
The total number was over two thousand.
總數超過 2 千。
The old man was a total stranger to me.
我完全不認識這位老先生。
The company’s losses totaled $105 million last year.
這家公司去年總計虧損了 1 億 5 百萬元。
I totaled up the scores with a calculator.
我用計算機加總分數。
The hotel offers various services. There is even a 24-hour fitness center on site.
該飯店提供許多服務。裡面甚至有二十四小時開放的健身中心。
