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賴世雄老師親自剖解111年大學學測英文試題，逐題解析，幫助考生掌握108課綱考題新趨勢。
延伸閱讀 >> 會隱形的深海傘章魚：煎餅章魚 From Pixar to Reality: Looking at the Real Flapjack Octopus
111年升大學學測英文試題
五、閱讀測驗（占 24 分） 說明︰ 第 35 題至第 46 題，每題 2 分。
第 39 至 42 題為題組
A hard hat is a helmet used mostly at worksites to protect the head from injuries due to falling objects. Since its introduction in the early 20th century, the headgear has saved countless lives and is considered the number one safety tool for construction workers.
The hard hat was invented in 1919 by Edward W. Bullard, who had just returned from World War I. Before the war, workers used to smear their hats with coal tar for protection of their head. Bullard, having witnessed the life-saving power of the metal helmet in the War, decided to produce a head protection device that was affordable for every worker and lightweight enough to be worn all day long. The Hard Boiled Hat was thus born, using steamed canvas and leather, covered with black paint, and featuring a suspension system to reduce impact. Soon, hard hats became widely used. The headgear was later made mandatory at construction sites in major construction projects, such as the Hoover Dam in 1931 and the Golden Gate Bridge in 1933.
Over the past century, hard hats have advanced considerably, evolving from canvas and leather to aluminum, fiberglass, and, eventually, to thermoplastic. Recently, new models have been introduced and accessories added to meet the needs of laborers working on various job sites. For instance, a ventilated hard hat was developed to keep wearers cooler, and see-through face shields were attached to better see the hazards lurking above. Today, attachments include radios, sensors, cameras, and a lot more. A common color code has also been developed for recognizing people and their roles on site. Yellow is used for general laborers and contractors, white (or sometimes black) for supervisors and managers, and green for inspectors and new workers.
New products continue to expand the market. Global sales of hard hats totaled USD 2.1 billion in 2016, and are expected to reach USD 3.19 billion in 2025.
39. Which of the following aspects about hard hats is NOT discussed in the passage?
(A) Their functions.
(B) Their appearances.
(C) Their materials.
(D) Their limitations.
40. In what order did the following protective hats appear?
a. fiberglass hats
b. hats with see-through shields
c. hats with canvas and leather
d. hats with tar over them
(A) d→c→a→b (B) c→d→b→a (C) c→b→a→d (D) d→c→b→a
41. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about the hard hat?
(A) Global sales have doubled every ten years.
(B) The inspiration came from the inventor's wartime experience.
(C) It was standard equipment for construction workers in the 1920s.
(D) Different colors are used in different industries to signal the roles of people on site.
42. Which of the following words are used in the passage to refer to the hard hat?
a. tool
b. code
c. device
d. helmet
e. accessory
f. headgear
(A) a, b, d, e (B) a, c, d, f (C) c, d, e, f (D) a, d, e, f
題組翻譯及選項解析如下：
延伸閱讀 >> 會隱形的深海傘章魚：煎餅章魚 From Pixar to Reality: Looking at the Real Flapjack Octopus
單字片語整理
Words in Use
●
a hard hat
（建築工人等戴的）工地帽
●
headgear
[ˋhɛd͵gɪr]
n. 帽子；盔（不可數）
●
coal tar
[ˋkol ˋtɑr]
n. 煤焦油（不可數）
●
considerably
[kənˋsɪdərəblɪ]
adv. 相當大地
●
fiberglass
[ˋfaɪbɚ͵glæs]
n. 玻璃纖維（不可數）
●
thermoplastic
[͵θɝmoˋplæstɪk]
n. 熱塑性塑膠
Practical Phrases
●
on site
在（某地）內部；在現場
The hotel offers various services. There is even a 24-hour fitness center on site.
該飯店提供許多服務。裡面甚至有二十四小時開放的健身中心。
