



炎炎夏日氣溫節節升高,全球暖化造成的極端氣候正在影響世界各地。自六月以來,熱浪襲捲歐洲各地,許多國家都出現了超過攝氏40度的高溫,就連台灣氣溫也是屢創新高。暑假出國遊玩如果不小心中暑的話,學會這些英文單字才能和外國人描述症狀喔!
熱衰竭的英文是heat exhaustion,exhaust (v)有多重意思,可解釋為「使精疲力竭」或是「用完、耗盡」,另外還有「廢氣」的意思。
We felt exhausted after a long journey.
(在長途旅行後我們感到筋疲力盡。)
To find the resolution, we’ve exhausted all our resources.
(為了尋找解決方式,我們已經用盡了所有資源。)
One of the culprits of air pollution is car exhaust fumes.
(汽車廢氣是造成空氣污染的罪魁禍首之一。)
exhaust 的形容詞是exhaustible「窮盡的」,經常與exhaustive (adj)搞混,這裡的意思為「徹底的、完整的」,是多益測驗的重要單字,常和study/research 搭配,例如(an) exhaustive study/research「完整的研究」。
中暑(heat stroke)比熱衰竭更為嚴重,stroke在此解釋為「中風」,但是要注意stroke也是strike的過去式。strike當動詞有「打,襲擊」的意思,當名詞時則是「罷工抗議」。
If someone you know shows signs of a heat stroke, first, take him/her to a shaded area.
(如果你認識的人出現中暑的症狀時,首先將他移至陰涼處。)
A magnitude 4 earthquake struck the island.
(島上發生了一次四級地震。)
熱衰竭和中暑常伴隨著許多症狀,例如昏眩(dizziness),嚴重頭痛(severe headache)、疲倦(tiredness)、噁心(nausea)、嘔吐(vomit)、肌肉痙攣(muscle cramp)等,如果身旁友人全身發熱,卻沒有出汗(no sweating),但說出意識不清的話,則需要儘快就醫,這些單字在向醫生描述症狀時都非常實用。
sweat「流汗」可當動詞和名詞使用,但是口語上常聽到的no sweat 並不是「沒有出汗」,而是「沒問題、不費力」的意思。
We were covered in sweat after we finished an hour of Zumba.
(跳完一個小時的Zumba後,我們汗流浹背。)
A: Can you help me move the desk?
(你可以幫我搬那張桌子嗎?)
B: No sweat!
(沒問題!)
vomit (v)「嘔吐」的同義字是throw up,嘔吐前常有的噁心感可以用形容詞nauseous或sick to one’s stomach 來表示。
“You could feel your heart rate increase rapidly without doing any strenuous activity and the culprit is a heat stroke. You may begin to feel sick to your stomach or physically vomit.” (Comanche Country Memorial Hospital.)
(在沒有做任何耗費體力的活動下,如果你的心跳加快,有可能罪魁禍首就是中暑,你可能開始感覺噁心,甚至開始嘔吐。)
During the boat ride, my sister felt nauseous and vomited.
(乘船時,我妹妹感覺噁心想吐。)
Keep out of the sun between 11am and 3pm when the sun’s rays are strongest.
(避開中午11點到下午3點太陽最強的時候。)
keep out of就是avoid「避免」的意思,也可以解釋為「不參與,不涉及」。
Store the medicine on the top shelve and keep it out of reach of children.
(將藥物存放在頂層櫃子上,避免小孩拿到。)
Keep in the shade, use sunscreen with a high SPF and UVA rating, and wear a wide-brimmed hat.
(待在陰涼處,使用具高防曬係數的防曬乳,並戴上寬邊帽。)
shade(n) 有不同的意思,在此指的是「有遮蔽,陰影」的地方,例如tree shade (n)「樹蔭」,多益測驗中也會看到lampshade (n)「燈罩」;此外,shade也可解釋為「顏色色調,色彩」。
The paint comes in different shades of blue and it’s hard to choose one that matches our furniture.
(這油漆有不同深淺的藍色,很難選擇一種適合我們家具的顏色。)
長時間曝曬在太陽底下,若沒有適時作好防護措施,就可能因大量流汗造成脫水,進而引發熱衰竭甚至中暑,因此最好穿著輕便、透氣的衣服,並搭配輕薄防曬衣物,以及適時補充水分,才能遠離熱傷害。
【多益模擬試題】
1. ________ actual colors might differ slightly from what appears on your monitor, we recommend ordering several samples in similar shades first.
(A) If
(B) Even
(C) Since
(D) Therefore
2. This list of topics is not ________ but it will give you an idea of the issues which will be discussed in the meeting.
(A) different
(B) striking
(C) faint
(D) exhaustive
解析:
1. 正解為(C)。語意為「由於實際顏色可能與螢幕上顯示的有些微不同,我們建議您先訂購幾個顏色相似的樣品。」本題要選擇符合句意的副詞來引導子句,故(C)為正確答案。
2. 正解為(D)。語意為「這份主題列表並不詳盡,但它會讓您對會議中將討論的問題有所了解。」本題為單字題,要選出符合句意的單字。(A)不同的,(B)明顯的,(C)輕微的,(D)「完整的」符合句意,故為正解。
文/徐碧霞 Valerie
Running the marathon left Judy in a state of exhaustion.
跑這趟馬拉松使茱蒂陷入筋疲力竭的狀態。
After weeks of hard work, the worker collapsed with exhaustion.
經過好幾個星期的努力工作,這名員工因疲累而崩潰了。
We need to take action to prevent the exhaustion of our natural resources.
我們需要採取行動以防止自然資源被耗盡。
My uncle's behavior changed after he suffered a stroke.
我叔叔中風之後,行為舉止都變了。
With a stroke of his pen, Simon signed his name.
賽門一筆簽下他的名字。
The champion swimmer's best stroke is definitely backstroke.
這名冠軍泳將最擅長的游法非仰式莫屬。
The player hit a home run with one stroke of his bat.
這名球員用球棒一揮就擊出全壘打。
Scientists say that stroking your pet can improve your mood.
科學家說撫摸寵物可以改善心情。
The party ended at the stroke of midnight.
派對在午夜十二點整時結束。
The traveler exhausted himself on the long walk.
這名旅行者走了這麼長的路而使自己筋疲力盡了。
We overspent and exhausted our savings.
我們過度花費而把儲蓄都耗盡了。
We overspent and used up our savings.
我們過度花費而把儲蓄都耗盡了。
The machine gave off noxious exhaust.
這部機器排放出有害廢氣。
The machine gave off noxious waste gases.
這部機器排放出有害廢氣。
Peter has decided to go on a journey to southern Taiwan next month.
彼得已決定下個月到南臺灣旅遊。
I journeyed to Japan last summer and had a fantastic time there.
去年夏天我到日本旅遊,在那兒我玩得很愉快。
I went on a journey to Japan last summer and had a fantastic time there.
去年夏天我到日本旅遊,在那兒我玩得很愉快。
I went on a trip to Japan last summer and had a fantastic time there.
去年夏天我到日本旅遊,在那兒我玩得很愉快。
I took a trip to Japan last summer and had a great time there.
去年夏天我到日本旅遊,在那兒我玩得很愉快。
I traveled to Japan last summer and had a wonderful time there.
去年夏天我到日本旅遊,在那兒我玩得很愉快。
Car exhaust fumes have become one of the major sources of pollution in the city.
汽車排放的廢氣在該城市已成為汙染的主要來源之一。
Judy was still fuming about my being late even after I apologized to her and promised that I'd never do it again.
我為我遲到了向茱蒂道歉,還保證絕不再犯,但她還是很氣我遲到。
“How dare she stand me up again!” my roommate fumed.
我的室友發怒道:『她怎麼敢放我鴿子!』。
We took a rest in the shade of a large tree.
我們在一棵大樹的樹蔭下休息。
I pulled down the shades and went to bed.
我拉下卷簾便睡覺去了。
The tall trees shade the garden.
高大的樹將花園遮蔭了起來。
The dusk shaded into night while I was driving home.
我開車回家時,不知不覺暮色已轉為黑夜。
Monica's beauty and confidence put other contestants in the shade.
莫妮卡的美貌和自信使其他參賽者相形失色。
Kate pulled down the window shade to block the bright lights.
凱特拉下窗戶的遮板遮擋亮光。
The leaves show various shades of yellow and orange in autumn. 秋天時,樹葉展現出各種黃色和橘色的色調。
Albert had a drink in the shade near the park.
亞伯特在公園旁的陰涼處喝飲料。
The earthquake had a magnitude of just 3.2, so fortunately it was not strong enough to cause serious damage.
此地震的震級僅為 3.2,因此幸好這地震的強度不足以造成嚴重的破壞。
We didn't fully understand the magnitude of the problem until it was too late.
我們直到事情已經無法挽回,才徹底了解這問題的嚴重性。
I was so ill last week that whenever I tried to eat, I vomited.
我上禮拜病得很厲害,只要我吃東西就會吐出來。
After a night of heavy drinking, Meghan spent the next morning vomiting the contents of her stomach into the toilet.
梅根經過一晚狂飲後,隔天早上對著馬桶狂吐腹中物。
Tim didn t realize his cat was sick until he noticed the vomit on the kitchen floor.
提姆直到看見廚房地板上的嘔吐物才發現他的貓生病了。
Let’s go for a ride in my new car!
我們坐我的新車去兜風吧!
Could you give me a ride to the supermarket?
你可不可以載我一程到超市?
I love the rides and the food at amusement parks.
我喜歡遊樂園的設施還有食物。
Clara doesn’t allow her 18-year-old son to ride a scooter.
克萊拉不讓她 18 歲的兒子騎摩托車。
They rode the train from Taipei to Kaohsiung.
他們從臺北搭火車到高雄。
Car exhaust fumes have become one of the major
sources of pollution in the city.
汽車排放的廢氣在該城市已成為汙染的主要來源之一。
The doctor checked Gary's heart rate.
醫生檢查了蓋瑞的心率。
The shirt comes in three sizes: small, medium, and large.
這款襯衫有三種尺寸:小、中和大。
恭喜答對獲得 熊贈點 1點
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