



| \ Warm It Up! / |
| 題型 |
| ❶ My mom asked me, “Were you late to school today? ”我媽媽問我:「你今天上學遲到了嗎?」 | |||
| My mom asked me |
|
? | |
| 正解 | My mom asked me whether / if I was late to school today. 我媽媽問我今天上學是否遲到了。 |
||
| ❷ “ Can you do it?” Andy asked his sister. 安迪問他姊姊:「這件事妳做得來嗎?」 | |||
| Andy asked his sister |
|
? | |
| 正解 | Andy asked his sister whether / if she could do it. 安迪問他姊姊,這件事她是否做得來。 |
||
| ❸ Has Melvin been to Thailand? 馬爾文去過泰國嗎? | |||
| We needed to know |
|
? | |
| 正解 | We needed to know whether / if Melvin had been to Thailand. 我們需要知道馬爾文是否去過泰國。 |
||
| ❹ Will Amy join the basketball team? 艾咪會加入籃球隊嗎? | |||
| Everyone is asking |
|
? | |
| 正解 | Everyone is asking whether / if Amy will join the basketball team. 每個人都在問艾咪是否會加入籃球隊。 |
||
☑ 以上正答各句中,由 if / whether 引導的名詞子句均為間接問句。
| | 一、何謂由一般問句形成的直接問句? |
My mom asked me, “Were you late to school today?”
“Can you do it?” Andy asked his sister.
上列題型中,在引號裡的句子皆為由一般問句形成的「直接問句」。換言之,直接問句是由敘述者直接以詢問者的語氣寫成的句構。如 Unit 1 及 Unit 2 所述,直接問句可分為兩大類:一般問句及特殊問句。本單元先探討如何將一般問句形成的直接問句改為間接問句。
| | 二、何謂由一般問句改成的間接問句? |
My mom asked me whether / if I was late to school today.
Andy asked his sister whether / if she could do it.
We needed to know whether / if Melvin had been to Thailand.
Everyone is asking whether / if Amy will join the basketball team.
上列題型正答各句中,由 whether 或 if 引導的名詞子句皆為由一般問句改成的「間接問句」。這類間接問句是名詞子句的一種,是敘述者以間接方式將詢問者的問話內容表示出來。間接問句放在主要子句的動詞(如:tell、ask、know)之後,作其受詞,且因本身並非問句,而是直述句,所以主詞、動詞不可倒裝。
| | 三、如何將一般問句形成的直接問句改成間接問句? |
將一般問句改成間接問句有三項要點:
➊ 先將一般問句改成由 whether 或 if 引導的名詞子句
順序如下:
ⓐ 若為問句則刪除引號、問號及引號前或後的逗點。
ⓑ 問句的倒裝部分還原成直述句的詞序。
| 直接問句詞序 | 間接問句詞序 | |
| be 動詞 + 主詞 | 主詞 + be 動詞 | |
| 一般助動詞 + 主詞 + 原形動詞 | 主詞 + 一般助動詞 + 原形動詞 | |
| have / has / had + 主詞 + 過去分詞 | 主詞 + have / has / had + 過去分詞 | |
| do / does / did + 主詞 + 原形動詞 | 主詞 + 動詞(人稱、時態必須正確) | |
➋ 將 whether 或 if 引導的名詞子句置於原本問句的位置
➌ 根據主要子句決定間接問句的主詞、動詞時態及句尾的標點符號
ⓐ 決定間接問句中的主詞人稱:根據主要子句做變化
George asked Jenny, “Have you seen the movie?”
➨ George asked Jenny whether / if she had seen the movie.
以上面句子為例,George 直接問 Jenny 問題時,因為說話的對象就是 Jenny本人,所以人稱用的是 you。不過改成間接問句時,人稱就要改為敘述者眼中的she 了。
ⓑ 決定間接問句中的動詞時態:根據主要子句的時態做變化
Peter asked(過去式動詞) Mary, “Is John a good boy?”
Peter asked Mary whether / if John was a good boy.彼得問瑪麗約翰是不是乖孩子。
上面這個句子中主要子句的動詞 asked 是過去式動詞,所以間接問句中的動詞也必須跟著改變,從 is 改為過去式的 was。
ⓒ 決定全句句尾的標點符號:以主要子句為判斷依據
主要子句若是直述句,句尾就用句號;主要子句若是問句,句尾就用問號。
Could you tell me(主要子句) whether you like my music?
你能不能告訴我,你是否喜歡我的音樂?如上面的句子,因為主要子句是問句,所以句尾就必須改用問號。
The mechanic joined the two wires together.
這位技工將 2 條電線接起來。
I joined the drama club last year.
我去年加入了戲劇社。
Would you like to join us in going dancing tonight?
你今晚要跟我們一起去跳舞嗎?
Do you know where the two rivers join?
你知道這兩條河在哪裡交會嗎?
The vase has been fixed, but you can still see the join.
這個花瓶修好了,但仍可以看到接縫處。
If you have any questions, please raise your hands.
如果你們有任何問題,請舉手。
There is no question about the CEO's ability.
執行長的能力是不用懷疑的。
The police questioned Robert for nearly four hours.
警方訊問羅伯特將近4小時。
Danny felt bad when his boss questioned his honesty.
丹尼的老闆質疑他的誠實時,他覺得很難受。
Soldiers are required to follow orders without questioning them.
軍人必須服從命令,不能對其有所質疑。
