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【用「聽」的圖示英文法】Unit 12 假設語氣 — 要點#2 與事實相反的假設

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【用「聽」的圖示英文法】Unit 12 假設語氣 — 要點#2 與事實相反的假設
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延伸閱讀 >> 解析文法【介詞 - 4】
✦<要點 #2>
與事實相反的假設

1. 與『現在事實』相反的假設

If + S + 過去式V
were / was
..., S + should
would
could
might
+ V
  • If I won the lottery, I would buy a Ferrari.
    (如果我中樂透的話,我會買一部法拉利。)

     
  • If he was / were younger, he might chase you.
    (要是他年輕些,他可能會追你。)

     
  • If I were you, I wouldn't give up.
    (如果我是你的話,我不會放棄。)

     

《補充說明》下列句型不可用 "was"

  1. If I were you / in your position,...
  2. If it were not for... / were it not for...

 

2. 與『過去事實』相反的假設
If + S + had + pp..., S + should
would
could
might
+ ① have + pp.(純指過去)
② V(影響至現在)
  • If you had listened to me, you wouldn't have been fired.
    (如果你當時聽我的話,你就不致於被解僱了。)

     
  • If you had listened to me, you wouldn't be out of work now.
    (如果你當時聽我的話,你現在就不致於失業了。)

 

 

✦<成就測驗>

1. If he sold the stone, he thought, he _______ enough money for the rest of his life.(97 年學測)
(A) had (B) had had
(C) would have (D) would have had

2. If I _______ in your position, I'd accept their terms.
(A) am (B) was (C) were (D) have been

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延伸閱讀 >> 解析文法【介詞 - 5】

單字片語整理

Words in Use
●
chase
[tʃes]
vt. & vi. 追趕;追求(女孩子)
n. 追逐
●
accept
[əkˋsɛpt]
vt. 接受
Practical Phrases
●
win a lottery
 中樂透

I will buy my parents a new house if I win the lottery. 
如果我中了樂透,就會買棟新房子給我父母。

●
in sb’s position
 處在某人的情況

What would you do if you were in my position?
假如你處在我的情況下會怎麼做?

●
listen to...
 聆聽/聽從......

I enjoy listening to music at night.

我喜歡在晚上聆聽音樂。  

●
be fired
 被開除〔英〕

Eric was fired for stealing money from the company.
艾瑞克因為偷公司的錢被開除了。

●
the rest of...
 其餘的……(動詞單複數視其後所接 名詞而定)

The man spent the rest of his life in jail.
這名男子在獄中度過餘生。

The rest of the money is to be given to Hanks.
其餘的錢要給漢克斯。

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