1. 基本的對等連接詞有三個:and、or、but。此類連接詞可連接對等的單字、片語或子句。
He is kind and handsome.(他心地好,人又帥。)
Does he work in Taipei or in Tainan?(他是在臺北還是在臺南工作?)
This car is nice, but it’s out of my budget.(這輛車很棒,但超出我的預算。)
2. 雖然基本的對等連接詞只有 and、or、but 三個,但亦可由這三個變化成下列數個連接詞,亦可連接對等的單字、片語或子句:
and | both... and... | ⋯⋯和⋯⋯都是 |
or | either... or... | 要不就是⋯⋯要不就是⋯⋯ |
neither... nor... | 既非⋯⋯亦非⋯⋯ | |
but | not... but... | 並非⋯⋯而是⋯⋯ |
not only... but (also)... | 不僅⋯⋯而且⋯⋯ |
Both John and Mary work hard.(約翰和瑪莉都很用功。)
We can go there either by bus or on foot.(我們要不可以搭公車、要不就走路到那裡。)
She can not only sing but (also) dance.(她不僅會唱歌還會跳舞。)
注意
上述連接詞連接主詞時,“both... and...” 之後始終接複數動詞,其餘連接詞連接主詞時,動詞則要隨最近的主詞做變化:
Both you and your brother need to wash the dishes.(你和你弟都得洗碗。)
Neither he nor you are wrong.(他沒錯,而你也沒錯。)
3. 其他常見的對等連接詞尚有 as well as...(= 片語介詞 along with... / together with...)及 rather than...,這些連接詞連接主詞時,動詞則始終跟著第一個主詞做變化:
He, as well as I, is happy about the result.(他和我都對結果很滿意。)
You, rather than he, are wrong.(錯的是你而不是他。)
1. 副詞連接詞無法連接對等的單字或片語,只能連接子句,常見的副詞連接詞列舉如下:
because(因為)、though / although / even though(雖然)、if(如果)、even if(即使)、as soon as(一⋯⋯就⋯⋯)、when(當)、until(直到)、unless(除非)、once(一旦)、as(當;因為,由於)、since(自從;由於)等。
2. 副詞連接詞冠於任何一個子句前面,該子句就成為副詞子句:
副詞子句絕不可單獨存在,一定要依賴主要子句(即一個開頭就是主詞的子句)。整個副詞子句可視為副詞,用來修飾主要子句。
I like him because he is nice.(我喜歡他,因為他人很好。)
3. 副詞子句可置於主要子句之前或之後。置於之後時,無須逗號;置於之前時,兩個子句則應以逗號區隔:
Sherry laughed as soon as she heard the news.(雪莉一聽到這個消息就笑了。)
If I have time, I’ll go to the party.(如果我有時間,我就會去參加派對。)
4. 使用副詞連接詞時,須避免雙重連接:
since / because / as(因為)不可與 so(所以)並用;
though / although / even though(雖然)不可與 but(但是)並用。
Because it has some flaws in it, so this jewel is cheaper. (X)
→ Because it has some flaws in it, this jewel is cheaper.(因為這塊寶石裡有一些瑕疵,所以比較便宜。)
Though he is nice, but I don’t like him. (X)
→ Though he is nice, I don’t like him.(雖然他人很好,我還是不喜歡他。)
5. when、if、once、as soon as、unless、before、as long as 等副詞連接詞所引導的子句,可用以表示某條件,形成條件句。此時,該條件句應採現在式,而主要子句則用未來式。
When I will be rich, I buy a car. (X)
→ When I am rich, I will buy a car.(當我有錢時,就會買部車。)
As long as I have time, I will help you.(只要我有時間,就會幫你。)
6. 連接性副詞:此類副詞有連接詞的意味,但仍不是連接詞,之前應置分號以連接兩句。
常見的副詞連接詞列舉如下:
a. however / nonetheless / nevertheless(然而)→ 有 but 的意味
She is well over 40; however, she still keeps her figure.
她已經四十好幾了;然而身材卻依然維持得很好。
b. therefore / hence / thus(因此)→ 有 so 的意味
He studies hard; thus, he always gets good grades at school.
他很用功讀書;因此他在學校的成績總是很好。
c. moreover / furthermore / in addition(此外)→ 有 and 的意味
That dress looks good on you; moreover, it is on sale.
那件洋裝妳穿起來很好看;此外,它現在有打折。
精選試題
答案:1. (C) 2. (A) 3. (C)
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