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太陽亦敵亦友。每天暴露於它溫暖的光線下對 你有益。但疲倦感是你的身體在告訴你它那天曬夠太陽了。
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科普園地
Without the sun, no living thing could survive on Earth, including humans. The sun allows food to grow and helps your body produce vitamin D. Why, then, does this life-giving star also make you feel tired? Perhaps you’ve wondered this after spending a day in the sun, and ending up completely exhausted.
There are several reasons why direct sunlight tires you out. The first is that your body doesn’t want to heat up. Therefore, it has to use a lot of energy to cool itself down and maintain its ideal temperature, 37°C. It does this by sending blood to your skin’s surface and by sweating. If you feel extremely tired in the sun, it’s a sign that it’s time to take a rest and cool down lest you suffer heatstroke or even die.
Another factor is dehydration, or lack of water. When you sweat a lot, your body loses water. As a result, your blood becomes thicker, which makes it harder for your heart to pump, meaning that less oxygen will be delivered to your body. This reduction of oxygen will make you feel even more tired. This is why it is so important to drink lots of water when you spend time in the sun. Yet another factor is sunburn, which is your skin’s reaction to the UV (ultraviolet) rays in sunlight. Your skin turns red as a form of protection, but this process is also tiring for your body’s immune system.
As you can see, the sun is both your enemy and friend. Exposing yourself to its warming rays on a daily basis is good for you. But tiredness is your body’s way of telling you when it has had enough sunlight for the day.
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1. What is the main idea of the passage?
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2. Which of the following is NOT a reason why the sun tires you out?
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3. Why does the author call the sun an enemy and a friend? (A) Sunlight feels warm but actually cools your body. (B) The sun is good for you, but it can also be harmful. (C) People want to enjoy the sun every day but shouldn’t. (D) The sun actually does more harm than good to humans. |
答案：1.D. 2.C 3.B
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目錄 / More to Learn / 中文翻譯
tired [ taɪrd ] a. 疲累的，睏倦的
• After sitting in front of the desk studying for hours, Teddy was tired.
坐在書桌前讀書好幾個小時後，泰迪覺得很累。
以下介紹「疲勞」的相關用法:
a. exhausted [ ɪgˋzɔstɪd ] a. 疲憊不堪的，筋疲力盡的
• Zoey was exhausted after she returned from a business trip.
柔伊出差回來後覺得筋疲力盡。
b. weary [ ˋwɪrɪ ] a. (因長期做某事而)非常疲勞/厭倦的
• Peter was weary of doing repetitive tasks every day.
彼得對於每天都要做重複的事感到厭倦。
c. fatigued [ fəˋtigd ] a. 精疲力竭的(正式用法)
fatigue [ fəˋtig ] n. 疲勞，疲乏
• The travelers were fatigued since they kept walking for days.
那群旅人因為走了好幾天的路而感到筋疲力竭。
d. drained [ drend ] a.(因過度勞累而)筋疲力盡的
• Richard was drained and could not help falling asleep on his desk.
理查覺得筋疲力盡，忍不住在桌上睡著了。
e. be burned out (因工作過累而)精力耗盡
• My colleagues and I are burned out since we have had several big projects recently.
我的同事跟我因為最近有一些大案子而精力耗盡。
f. be worn out 累壞了
= be tired out
• The runners were worn out after participating in a 42-km marathon.
跑者們跑完四十二公里的馬拉松後都累壞了。
哈~哈~為什麼曬太陽好想睡?
沒有了太陽，便沒有生物能存活在地球上，人類也不例 外。太陽讓食物生長，也幫助你的身體製造維生素 D。那為什 麼這個賜予生命的恆星也會讓你覺得疲累呢?也許你在太陽下 待一整天，結果發現自己筋疲力盡時就有過這個疑問。
為什麼陽光直射會讓你筋疲力盡有一些原因。首先，你 的身體不想變熱。因此，它必須使用很多能量來降溫，並維持 在理想的溫度，也就是 37°C。身體藉由把血液輸送到皮膚表 面和流汗的方式來達到降溫的效果。如果你在太陽下覺得非常 累，這是個訊號，告訴你是時候該休息片刻並降溫，以免你中 暑或甚至死亡。
另一個因素是脫水，亦即缺乏水分。當你流很多汗，你的 身體會失去水分。因此，你的血液會變得比較濃稠，這讓心臟 較難輸送血液，代表較少的氧氣會被送到全身。缺少氧氣會讓 你覺得更累。這就是為什麼當你待在太陽下時要喝很多水是很 重要的。還有一個因素是曬傷，這是你的皮膚對陽光中紫外線 的反應。你的皮膚變紅是一種保護的形式，但這個過程對你身 體的免疫系統來說也很累。
如你所見，太陽亦敵亦友。每天暴露於它溫暖的光線下對你有益。但疲倦感是你的身體在告訴你它那天曬夠太陽了。
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1. 本文主旨為何? (B) 曬足夠的陽光對健康有益處。 (C) 直接暴露在陽光下對你的身體不好。 (D) 疲累是你曬太多太陽的警訊。 |
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2. 下列何者並非是太陽讓你筋疲力盡的原因? (A) 它迫使你的身體使用能量以避免過熱。 (B) 它讓你的皮膚曬傷，這需要能量。 (C) 它增加你血液中的氧氣量。 (D) 它導致你身體中的水分減少。 |
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3. 為何作者稱太陽亦敵亦友? (B) 太陽對你有益，但它也可以是有害的。 (C) 人們每天都想要享受太陽，但卻不該這麼做。 (D) 太陽對人類來說其實弊大於益。 |
單字片語整理
Words in Use
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heatstroke
[ˋhit͵strok]
n. 中暑
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dehydration
[͵dihaɪˋdreʃən]
n. 脫水
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sunburn
[ˋsʌn͵bɝn]
n. 曬傷
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UV ray
紫外線（ UV 為 ultraviolet的縮寫）
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tiredness
[ˋtaɪrdnɪs]
n. 疲勞
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overheat
[ˋovɚˋhit]
vi. 過熱
Practical Phrases
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end up + V-ing
到頭來做......，最終／結果／到頭來⋯⋯
I knew you would end up borrowing money from me.
我就知道你最後還是會跟我借錢。
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tire sb out
使某人筋疲力盡／疲憊不堪
Climbing such high mountains really tires me out.
爬那麼高的山真是累死我了。
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heat up sth
加熱某物
We heated up some soup for lunch.
我們把一些湯加熱當午餐。
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cool... down / cool down...
冷靜下來、使⋯⋯冷卻下來
Diana had an argument with her husband and went for a walk to cool down.
黛安娜和先生吵架，因此去散步讓自己冷靜下來。
I turned on the fan to cool the room down.
我把電風扇打開,讓房間涼快起來。
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a lack of...
缺乏……
Lack of experience was the main reason why Trevor didn't get the job.
缺乏經驗是崔佛沒有拿到那份工作的主要原因。
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on a daily basis
每天
You should exercise on a daily basis.
你每天都應運動。
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the immune system
免疫系統
本篇內容出自《常春藤解析/生活英語雜誌》，
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