一寸光陰一寸金("A moment of time is worth an inch of gold."):貨幣時間價值
在「棉花糖實驗」中,如果忍耐了15分鐘,卻不會多一顆棉花糖做為獎賞,應該沒有小孩願意等吧?
存錢是犧牲了現在用這筆錢來消費享樂的滿足感,以換取未來更多的金錢(Saving money involves sacrificing the immediate gratification of spending and enjoying that money now in exchange for having more money in the future.)。再加上,通貨膨脹也會讓未來的100塊錢能買到的東西變少,所以現在的100塊錢,會比未來的100塊錢還要值錢。
She started saving money from a young age to build a financial safety net for her future.(她從小就開始儲蓄,為自己的未來建立了一個財務安全網。)
If the futurevalue of $1,000 after two years is $1,200 with a 5% interest rate, the presentvalue of $1,200 would be $1,000 when discounted at the same interest rate.(如果在未來兩年後,以5%的利率,$1,000的未來價值是$1,200,那麼以相同的利率折現的話,$1,200的現值將會是$1,000。)
With a simple interest rate of 4%, the interest earned on a $1,000 loan over two years would be $80 (1000 x 0.04 x 2).(以4%的單利計算,一筆$1,000的貸款在兩年內的利息將會是$80 (1000 x 0.04 x 2)。)
With a compoundinterest rate of 5%, a $1,000 investment made today would grow to approximately $1,276 after five years.(以5%的複利計算,今天投資$1,000的金額將在五年後增長至約為$1,276。)
The bank offers a competitiveannual interest rate of 4% on its savings accounts.(該銀行在其儲蓄帳戶上提供具有競爭力的年利率為4%。)
If you take out a loan of $10,000, the principalamount is $10,000, and any interest charged will be based on this originalsum.(如果你貸款$10,000,那麼本金金額就是$10,000,任何收取的利息都將基於這個原始金額計算。)
數學上有一個概算的方法叫做72 法則 :以X%的年利率複利計算,72 / X 年後,你所投資的金額會成長到2倍大。以上述的例子,72/5=14.4,也就是資產翻倍的時間約要14年;而如果用單利,每年利息5元領出來,則需要20年的時間才能累積到100塊,資產才能翻倍。6年的差距,這就是複利比單利強大之處。
利用複利為你創造財富
愛因斯坦曾說:「複利是世界第八大奇蹟」。你有想過七大奇蹟是哪七大嗎?
好這不重要,重要的是複利的威力。投資就像滾雪球,雪球黏起坡道上的濕雪變大,有更多表面積,去黏起更多坡道上的濕雪,這個過程一直循環,雪球變大的速度愈來愈快。複利也是一樣,利息滾入後,用來複利的金額會愈來愈大,因此利息會愈來愈多,又滾入本金複利,如此循環,資產就成長的愈快。(Compoundinterest works in a similar way. As interest is added, the amount available for compounding becomes larger, resulting in more interest being generated, which in turn is added back to the principal for further compounding. This cycle continues, and the assetsgrow at an accelerating rate.)
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