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(免費試讀) 毒駕連坐罰、校園防毒新制上路!看新聞學時事英文,多益/學測常考單字文法全攻略!

從 zombie vape 到 drug driving,用英文看懂台灣最新毒駕罰則與公共安全議題。
時事·新知
#臺灣 #健康 #安全·醫療 #免費試閱
Taipei Times
難度
|閱讀時間約 8分鐘
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毒駕連坐罰、校園防毒新制上路!看新聞學時事英文,多益/學測常考單字文法全攻略!
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延伸閱讀 >> 走過情緒風暴:悲傷的五個浪潮Navigating the Storm: The Five Waves of Grief
Step 1
閱讀前暖身
 

搭朋友的便車,結果自己也被開罰?!沒錯,最近新聞狂報的「喪屍煙彈 (zombie vapes)」不只危險,交通部更祭出鐵腕:未來只要滿 18 歲,明知駕駛毒駕還敢上車,連坐開罰絕對有你的份!不想因為搭車就荷包大失血?快來秒懂這則熱門時事,順便無痛升級你的英文實力!

先認識這幾個關鍵字,帶著印象進入閱讀:

revoke
撤銷、廢除

impose penalties on...
...處以懲罰/罰款

suspend
暫停、中止、勒令停職/停學

mandatory
強制的、義務的

conceal
隱藏、隱瞞

 

 

 

Step 2
完整閱讀原文
 

Higher penalties sought for drug driving
針對毒駕尋求實施更嚴厲的罰則

By Shelley Shan / Staff reporter


The Ministry of Transportation and Communications yesterday said that it would propose an amendment to the Road Traffic Management and Penalty Act (道路交通管理處罰條例) that would revoke licenses of drug users, ban drug-impaired drivers from taking the license test for three years and impose penalties on their passengers.

It made the announcement after consulting officials from the Judicial Yuan, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, and the National Police Agency last month on tackling the rise of drug-impaired cases.

Currently, drug-impaired drivers would have their licenses suspended for one to two years.

交通部昨日表示,將提出《道路交通管理處罰條例》修正案,以吊銷吸毒者的駕照、禁止毒駕者三年內考領駕照,並對其同車乘客處以罰則。
交通部在上個月與司法院、法務部、衛福部及警政署的官員會商,探討如何應對日益增加的毒駕案件後,發布了這項聲明。
檢疫局官員表示:「我們會因應節日和活動需求更新訊息,定期翻新素材以吸引民眾的注意。」
目前,毒駕者的駕照會被吊扣一到兩年。

 

Drug-impaired drivers face administrative and criminal punishment, the transportation ministry said, adding that authorities would prioritize pursuing criminal liability.

Aside from imposing stricter penalties on drug-impaired drivers, the amendment would also stipulate that users of Category 1 and Category 2 narcotics — including heroin, morphine, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, ecstasy and marijuana — would have their driver’s licenses revoked and be barred from reapplying for a specified period, even if they were not caught driving, the transportation ministry said.

Consumers of Category 3 and Category 4 narcotics, including ketamine, flunitrazepam, zolpidem and alprazolam, would have their driver’s license suspended, it added.

交通部指出,毒駕者面臨行政與刑事處罰,並補充當局將優先追究其刑事責任。
交通部表示,除了對毒駕者處以更嚴厲的罰則外,修正案還將明定,第一級與第二級毒品(包含海洛因、嗎啡、古柯鹼、安非他命、甲基安非他命、搖頭丸及大麻)的使用者,即使未被抓到毒駕,其駕照也將被吊銷,並在特定期間內禁止重新申請。
交通部補充,第三級與第四級毒品(包含K他命、氟硝西泮、佐沛眠及阿普唑侖)的吸食者,其駕照將被吊扣。

 

The amendment would also raise fines for first-time drug-impaired driving offenders, while passengers aged 18 or older who knowingly ride with drug-impaired drivers would also be subject to penalties, the ministry said.

Meanwhile, drivers whose licenses were revoked or suspended due to drug-impaired driving would only be allowed to renew their licenses or take the license test again if they undergo drug addiction treatment or drug-hazard courses and do not use drugs for a specified time period, the ministry said.

It said before the amendment to the act is completed, it would revise the Road Traffic Safety Rules (道路交通安全規則), which would require drivers who are confirmed to have used illicit drugs to complete mandatory treatment or educational courses and meet certain requirements for a specified period before being permitted to renew or reapply for a driver’s license.

Such a revision does not need legislative approval.

交通部表示,修正案也將提高對初犯毒駕者的罰款,而明知駕駛毒駕卻仍搭乘的18歲(含)以上乘客,也將受到處罰。
同時,交通部提到,因毒駕被吊銷或吊扣駕照的駕駛人,只有在接受戒毒治療或毒品危害防制課程,並在特定期間內未吸食毒品的情況下,才獲准換發駕照或重新參加駕照考試。
交通部表示,在該法條修正完成前,將先修訂《道路交通安全規則》,要求被證實使用非法毒品的駕駛人必須完成強制治療或教育課程,並在特定期間內符合特定要求,才獲准換發或重新申請駕照。
違反台灣動植物檢疫規定的人將面臨鉅額罰款,特別是攜帶肉類等違禁食品。
這項修訂不需要經過立法院的批准。

 

Separately, saliva tests might soon be administered in the nation’s primary, junior-high and high schools starting in the next fall semester to detect etomidate, an anesthetic drug that has been increasingly used in e-cigarette cartridges.

tomidate, also known aszombie vapes,” is an emerging illegal drug.

Schools have already administered or scheduled ad hoc urine tests to students who had been found using drugs or had been suspended, Ministry of Education Department of Student Affairs Director-General Tsai Yi-ching (蔡宜靜) said.

“However, some students would dilute the urine test samples or swap them with tea to conceal drug use.

Meanwhile, emerging drugs are metabolized relatively quickly in the body.

As such, we are considering using saliva tests as an auxiliary screening tool, which helps simplify administrative procedures and enable timely access to counseling resources,” Tsai said.

If a saliva screening yields a positive result, it must be confirmed by a urine test before being reported through the campus safety reporting system, she said.

另一方面,從下個秋季學期開始,全國的國小、國中與高中可能很快就會實施唾液篩檢,以檢測依托咪酯(etomidate),這是一種越來越常被添加在電子煙彈中的麻醉藥物。
依托咪酯,也被稱為**「喪屍煙彈」**,是一種新興的非法毒品。
教育部學生事務及特殊教育司司長蔡宜靜表示,學校已經對曾被發現吸毒或被勒令停學的學生,實施或安排了臨時的尿液篩檢。
蔡宜靜說:「然而,有些學生會稀釋尿液檢體或用茶水替換來隱瞞吸毒。
同時,新興毒品在體內的代謝速度相對較快。
因此,我們正考慮將唾液篩檢作為輔助篩檢工具,這有助於簡化行政程序並能及時取得輔導資源。」
她表示,如果唾液篩檢呈陽性反應,必須先透過尿液篩檢確認,才能透過校園安全通報系統進行通報。
 
Step 3
單字精講(跟著神犬學道地用法
 

enlightened revoke(v.) 撤銷、廢除
這個字常與 license (執照)、visa (簽證) 搭配使用。在新聞中,交通部擬修法「撤銷/吊銷」吸毒者的駕照。
• The company revoked his access to the internal system after he resigned. (他辭職後,公司撤銷了他進入內部系統的權限。)
• If you break the rules, your gym membership might be revoked. (如果你違反規定,你的健身房會員資格可能會被取消。)


enlightened impose penalties on...(phr.) 對...處以懲罰/罰款
impose 帶有「強制實行」的意思,常跟 penalty (懲罰)、tax (稅) 或 fine (罰款) 搭配,是新聞與法規中極常出現的精準用詞。
• The manager imposed strict penalties on employees who leaked confidential information. (經理對洩漏機密資訊的員工祭出嚴厲的懲罰。)


enlightened suspend(v.) 暫停、中止、勒令停職/停學
這個字在新聞中出現兩種常見情境,一是駕照被「扣留/暫停」使用,二是學生被勒令「停學」。
• The construction project has been suspended due to a severe lack of funding. (因為嚴重缺乏資金,這項建設專案已經被暫停了。)
• The student was suspended from school for three days for fighting. (那名學生因為打架被學校勒令停學三天。)

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enlightened mandatory(adj.) 強制的、義務的
多益必考字!常搭配 training (訓練) 或 meeting (會議)。新聞中指吸毒駕駛未來必須完成「強制治療」(mandatory treatment) 才能重新考照。
• Wearing a seatbelt is mandatory when driving or riding in a car in Taiwan. (在台灣,開車或乘車強制必須繫安全帶。)


enlightened conceal(v.) 隱藏、隱瞞
同義詞是 hide,但 conceal 比較正式,常用於隱瞞真相、藏匿物品或情緒等。新聞中提到學生可能會用茶水替換尿液以「隱瞞」吸毒事實。
• He tried to conceal his critical mistakes from the boss, but eventually failed. (他試圖向老闆隱瞞他的重大錯誤,但最終還是失敗了。)
• She wore a large pair of sunglasses to conceal her tired eyes. (她戴著一副大墨鏡來掩飾疲憊的雙眼。)

 

文法
本篇文法焦點
 
使役動詞的被動用法 (have + 受詞 + p.p.)
表達「讓某物被(別人)處理」,當受詞與後面的動作是「被動」關係時,動詞必須換成過去分詞 (p.p.)
"...users of Category 1 and Category 2 narcotics... would have their driver’s licenses revoked..."...
第一級與第二級毒品使用者...他們的駕照將會「被吊銷」...
變化技巧
如果你去剪頭髮,不是你自己拿剪刀剪,而是理髮師幫你剪,你要說 "I had my hair cut." 而不是 "I cut my hair."。
enlightened考試怎麼考?看到 have 或 get 加上物品(如駕照、車子、頭髮等),後面挖空要選動詞時,請秒選「過去分詞 (p.p.)」,因為物品是「被」處理的。
促使動詞 cause 的黃金搭配
這是一種非常聰明的句型!用來補充說明前面的名詞,省略了關係代名詞與 be 動詞,讓句子更簡潔有力。
"Etomidate, also known aszombie vapes,” is an emerging illegal drug.".
依托咪酯,也被「稱為」喪屍煙彈,是一種新興的非法毒品。
變化技巧
原句其實是 "Etomidate, which is also known as 'zombie vapes,'...",省略 which is 後,直接留下 known as 形成分詞片語。
enlightened考試怎麼考?在兩個逗號中間插入補充說明時,請判斷前面的名詞與動詞的關係。如果是被動(被稱為、被發現),就選 V.p.p.;如果是主動發出動作,就選 V-ing。
介系詞後面遇上被動語態 (Prep. + being + p.p.)
大家都知道介系詞 (in, on, at, before, after) 後面要接名詞或動名詞 (V-ing),但如果遇到「被動語態」該怎麼辦呢?這時候就要用 "being + p.p."
"...meet certain requirements for a specified period before being permitted to renew or reapply for a driver’s license."
...在「被允許」換發或重新申請駕照之前,必須在特定期間內符合特定要求。
變化技巧
Before 在這裡作介系詞使用,因為駕駛是「被」允許 (are permitted),所以套用介系詞規則加上 ing,就變成了 being permitted
enlightened考試怎麼考?只要看到介系詞挖空,第一步先找 V-ing。第二步判斷語意,若動作含有「被動」涵義(如本句的被允許),就果斷選 "being + 過去分詞" 的選項!

單字片語整理

Words in Use
revoke
[rɪˋvok]
vt. 註銷
suspend
[səˋspɛnd]
vt. 中斷,中止;吊銷(執照);垂掛,懸掛
mandatory
[ˋmændə͵tɔrɪ]
adj. 強制性的
conceal
[kənˋsil]
vt. 隱藏,隱瞞
license
[ˋlaɪsns]
n. 執照(可數)
vt. 授權,批准
impose
[ɪmˋpoz]
vt. 強加於、實施
penalty
[ˋpɛn!tɪ]
n. 懲罰
vape
[vep]
n. 電子菸
zombie
[ˋzɑmbɪ]
n. 殭屍
emerge
[ɪˋmɝdʒ]
vi. 出現,浮現,冒出(常與介詞 from 並用),興起
illegal
[ɪˋlig!]
adj. 不合法的
drug
[drʌg]
vt. 下藥(以使昏迷)
n. 藥(物);毒品
certain
[ˋsɝtn̩]
pron. 一些
adj. 某些(= some);確定的(= sure)
requirement
[rɪˋkwaɪrmənt]
n. 要求,必要條件
specified
[ˋspɛsə͵faɪd]
a. 指定的
permit
[pɚˋmɪt]
vt. & vi. 准許,允許
n. 許可證
renew
[rɪˋnju]
.vt. 更新
propose
[prəˋpoz]
vt. 提議,建議
vi. 求婚
amendment
[əˋmɛndmənt]
n. 修正
impaired
[ɪmˋpɛrd]
a. 受損的
passenger
[ˋpæsndʒɚ]
n. 乘客
currently
[ˋkɝəntlɪ]
adv. 目前,現今
administrative
[ədˋmɪnə͵stretɪv]
a. 管理的;行政的
criminal
[ˋkrɪmən!]
a. 犯法的(= illegal[ɪˋlig!]); 刑法方面的
n. 罪犯
punishment
[ˋpʌnɪʃmənt]
n. 懲罰
transportation
[͵trænspɚˋteʃən]
n. 交通;交通運輸(工具)(不可數)
ministry
[ˋmɪnɪstrɪ]
n. (政府)部;牧師職務
authorities
[əˋθɔrətɪz]
n. 當局(恆用複數)
prioritize
[praɪˋɔrə͵taɪz]
vt. 視⋯⋯為第一優先,優先處理/考慮
pursue
[pɚˋsu]
vt. 追求;從事
liability
[͵laɪəˋbɪlətɪ]
n. (法律上的)責任,義務;債務,負債;麻煩
stipulate
[ˋstɪpjə͵let]
vt. 規定
period
[ˋpɪrɪəd]
n. 一段期間;句點;一節課
offender
[əˋfɛndɚ]
n. 冒犯者;違法者
meanwhile
[ˋmin͵hwaɪl]
adv. & n. 與此同時(常置於句首)
undergo
[͵ʌndɚˋgo]
vt. 經歷;接受(治療、訓練)
addiction
[əˋdɪkʃən]
n. 上癮
n. . 上癮(與介詞 to 並用)
treatment
[ˋtritmənt]
n. 對待;治療
require
[rɪˋkwaɪr]
vt. 要求;需要
confirm
[kənˋfɝm]
vt. 確認;證明,證實
illicit
[ɪˋlɪsɪt]
adj. 非法的,不法的
complete
[kəmˋplit]
vt. 完成
adj. 完全的(= total);完整的;完成的
revision
[rɪˋvɪʒən]
n. 修訂,修正
legislative
[ˋlɛdʒɪs͵letɪv]
a. 立法的
approval
[əˋpruv!]
n. 贊成,同意,認可
separately
[ˋsɛpərɪtlɪ]
adv. 個別地,分別地
saliva
[səˋlaɪvə]
n. 口水,唾液
semester
[səˋmɛstɚ]
n. 學期(分春季班和秋季班)
anesthetic
[͵ænəsˋθɛtɪk]
n. 麻醉藥
increasingly 
[ɪnˋkrisɪŋlɪ]
adv. 越來越多地,日益增加地
urine
[ˋjʊrɪn]
n. 尿(正式用法)
dilute
[daɪˋlut]
vt. 稀釋,沖淡
swap
[swɑp]
vt. & n. & vi. 交換
relatively
[ˋrɛlətɪvlɪ]
adv. 相對地
considering
[kənˋsɪdərɪŋ]
prep. 考慮到⋯⋯
screening
[ˋskrinɪŋ]
n. 篩檢;審查;檢查
simplify
[ˋsɪmplə͵faɪ]
vt. 簡化,使簡單
procedure
[prəˋsidʒɚ]
n. 步驟,手續 (與介詞 for 並用)
counsel
[ˋkaʊns!]
vt. 勸告,建議
n. 忠告 (不可數)
resource
[rɪˋsors]
n. 資源(常用複數)
Extra Words
strict
[strɪkt]
adj. 嚴格的,嚴厲的
leak
[lik]
vi. & n. 漏(水、油、瓦斯等)
construction
[kənˋstrʌkʃən]
n. 施工,建造;建築
severe
[səˋvɪr]
a. 嚴厲的;十分嚴重的
hide
[haɪd]
n. (用於製作皮革的)獸皮
vt. 把……藏起來
vi. 藏匿
critical
[ˋkrɪtɪk!]
a. 危急的;批評的;重要的,關鍵的
eventually
[ɪˋvɛntʃʊəlɪ]
adv. 終究,到頭來;最後,終於
heroin
[ˋhɛro͵ɪn]
n. . 海洛英
cocaine
[koˋken]
n. 古柯鹼
marijuana
[͵mɑrɪˋhwɑnə]
n. 大麻
bar
[bɑr]
n. 酒吧
confidential information / documents
 機密資訊 / 文件

Recycling confidential documents instead of shredding them may cause a leak in information.
機密文件不用碎紙機銷毀而是拿去回收,可能會造成資訊外洩。

due to + N/V-ing
 因為……;由於……
= because of...

Jim was absent from work yesterday due to illness.
吉姆昨天生病而沒來上班。

a lack of...
 缺乏……

Lack of experience was the main reason why Trevor didn't get the job.
缺乏經驗是崔佛沒有拿到那份工作的主要原因。

Poor health in the community results from a lack of clean water and food.
該社區的健康狀況不佳是因為缺乏乾淨的水源與食物。

Practical Phrases
be suspended from school
 被停學

Toby was suspended from school because he got caught cheating on a test.
托比因為考試作弊被抓到,所以被停學了。

a driver’s license
 駕駛執照
be known as
 以……的身分而聞名;被稱為⋯⋯
= be renowned as...
= be famous as...

Paris is known as the “City of Lights.”
巴黎被稱為「光之城」。

meet a requirement
 符合要求
= satisfy a requirement

The teacher we just interviewed seems to meet all requirements.
我們剛剛面試的那位老師似乎符合所有的要求

It’s hard for Michael to meet the requirements of the job.
對麥可而言,符合這工作的需求很難。

make an announcement that...
 宣告……
= announce that... 

The politician made a formal announcement that he would resign early next year.
這名政治人物正式宣告明年初他將辭職。

Aside from N/V-ing, S + V
 除了⋯⋯外,還⋯⋯

Aside from playing the piano, Charlie also enjoys playing the guitar.
除了彈鋼琴之外,查理喜歡彈吉他。

be subject to sth
 易遭受⋯⋯

All our prices are subject to change.
我們所有的價格隨時會有變動。

as such
 本身

Sam is a friend and should be treated as such.
山姆是朋友,因此就像朋友被對待。

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作者

Taipei Times
Taipei Times
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