



英文有很多同義字,根據不同場合、目的也會有不同的使用時機。
我們時常看到某些字詞會備註「正式」或「非正式」用法,往往非正式(Informal)字彙多用於生活情境對話,口氣也較為輕鬆、白話。而正式(Formal)字彙多用於學術、演講、需嚴肅正經或更專業的場合。
但並非所有專業性的場合都得使用正式字彙,如:商業書信,適時地使用輕鬆直白的字詞反而能讓文字更有溫度、更親密,不會給人那麼有距離感! 然而通常愈正式的表達用法,也確實比較能給人得體、有禮貌的感受。

Informal 非正式 V.S Formal 正式
short (adj.) 短/簡短的;短暫的
brief (adj.) 簡短/潔的;短暫的
Ex: This is a brief outline of my presentation on this project. (這是我對這個專案報告的簡要大綱。)
show (v.) 展/顯示;表明
illustrate (v.) 闡述;解釋;說明(用圖)
Ex: The following charts and diagrams illustrate our company's current operating conditions. (以下圖表說明了我們公司當前的營運狀況。)
big (adj.) (面積/體積/程度)大的;重大的
extensive (adj.) 龐大的;大規模的;廣泛的
Ex: Extensive repair work is being carried out. (大規模的維修工作正在執行。)
change (v.) 改變(完全);變更
alter (v.) 修改;改變(較輕微/部分變動)
Ex: This technology may alter people’s behavior afterwards. (這種技術很有可能會改變人們日後的行為。)
important (adj.) 重要的;重大的
pivotal (adj.) 軸心的;中樞的;重要關鍵的
Ex: The election may prove to be pivotal in the country’s political history. (這個選舉可能成為這個國家政治史上關鍵的一次)
unimportant (adj.) 不重要的
trivial (adj.) 瑣碎的;淺薄的;無足輕重的
Ex: Though these details seem trivial at first glance, every aspect is pivotal because it will create a huge impact. (儘管這些細節乍看似乎微不足道,然而每個層面都是關鍵因為它會產生巨大的影響。)
empty (adj.) 空的;空洞/虛的
vacant (adj.) 空缺;無被占用的
Ex: The CEO wants to headhunt the young man for the vacant position of Project Manager. (首席執行長想要挖腳這位年輕人來填補專案經理的職缺)
idea (n.) 主意;點子;想法
notion (n.) 主張;觀點
Ex: They are always doubtful about the western notion of democracy. (他們對西方的民主觀一直都抱持著懷疑。)
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Winter is coming, and the days are getting shorter.
冬天來了,白晝越來越短。
I’m too short to reach the top of the shelf.
我太矮了,碰不到架子最上層。
Since Ben was a bit short on time, he had to hurry.
由於班的時間不多,他動作得快一點。
“Info” is short for“ information.”
『info』是『information』的縮寫。
The man stopped short and walked back.
這名男子突然停下來並往回走。
In short, smoking does harm to your health.
簡言之,抽菸有害健康。
Greg took a brief look at the newspaper before going to work.
葛瑞格在上班前迅速瀏覽了一下報紙。
The teacher asked us to write a brief summary of this article.
老師要求我們寫這篇文章的簡短摘要。
I know we’re all in a hurry, so I’ll be brief.
我知道我們的時間很趕,所以我會長話短說。
There’s only a four-paragraph news brief on the event in the newspaper.
這份報紙上關於那事件的新聞摘要只有 4 段。
In brief, it’s a job worth doing.
簡言之,這份工作值得做。
The commander briefed those soldiers on the nature of their mission.
指揮官向那些士兵就此次任務的性質做了簡單的說明。
Can you show me your favorite photo?
可以給我看你最喜歡的照片嗎?
A study shows that staying up all night to study isn't a great idea.
一項研究顯示,通宵念書並不是個好主意。
The gallery shows the work of local artists.
這間藝廊展出當地藝術家的成果作品。
Jack didn't show up on time.
傑克沒有準時出現。
All the theaters are showing the new James Bond movie.
所有電影院都在放映《007》系列的新電影。
The talk show I saw on TV last night was fantastic.
我昨晚在電視看到的脫口秀很精采。
Professor Johnson possessed extensive knowledge in the field of natural science.
強森教授在自然科學的領域擁有廣泛的知識。
The typhoon has caused extensive damage to the city.
這次的颱風對這座城市已造成極大的損害。
The research involved extensive fieldwork. 這項研究包含了大量的實地調查。
The classroom was empty, with no teacher or children in sight.
這教室裡空無一人,都沒看到老師和小孩。
I was shocked to find that my room had been emptied by thieves.
我看到竊賊把房間洗劫一空,嚇了一跳。
The Mississippi River empties into the Gulf of Mexico.
密西西比河注入墨西哥灣。
It was Barbara’s idea to book this hotel.
訂這間飯店是芭芭拉的想法。
Lenny hates the idea of being a boss.
藍尼不想當老闆。
Rita couldn’t understand the idea behind the experiment.
瑞塔不明白這個實驗背後的想法。
Could you give me an idea of what to write about?
你可以告訴我要寫什麼好嗎?
I have no idea where I can park my car.
我不知道能把車子停在哪裡。
I reject the notion that greed motivates people.
貪婪能給人動力,這種想法我不接受。
I missed a few key points, so I only had a vague notion of what the professor had just said.
我錯過了幾個重點,因此教授剛才說的話我不甚清楚。
Trevor had a notion to ask the girl out, but he got cold feet at the last minute.
崔佛突然想約那個女孩出去,但他在最後一刻臨陣退縮了。
The mother changed her baby’s diaper in the restroom.
這位媽媽在洗手間替小寶寶換尿布。
The magician changed the mouse into a bird.
魔術師把老鼠變成一隻鳥。
Do you think Debbie has changed since she became famous?
你認為黛比自從成名後,是否改變了?
Eddie doesn’t like the change of plans.
艾迪不喜歡計畫的變更。
You can keep the change.
零錢不用找了。
恭喜答對獲得 熊贈點 1點
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